期刊
FOOD CONTROL
卷 131, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108435
关键词
Natural products; Antibacterial mechanism; Cell membrane; Fluorescent dye; Skim milk
资金
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Program [2021NY-124, 2020NY-108, 2019NY-194]
- Education Department of Shaanxi Province Serves Local Scientific Research Projects [18JC004]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2019JQ-715]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department [21JK0541]
Thymol exhibited antibacterial effects against Bacillus cereus by inducing cell dysfunction, membrane potential hyperpolarization, pH gradient dissipation, ATP synthesis blockade, and intracellular ATP depletion. Additionally, low concentrations of thymol combined with low-temperature storage showed potential in controlling B. cereus in skim milk.
The goal of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which thymol caused membrane damages in Bacillus cereus cells and the feasibility of its application in the preservation of skim milk. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of thymol was determined using the broth microdilution method. The membrane potentials, intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations, and pH gradients across the membrane were characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy. The degree of membrane damage and membrane structural integrity were observed under an electron microscope. The quantity of B. cereus in skim milk at different temperatures and concentrations of thymol was calculated using the plate counting method. As a result, the MIC of thymol against B. cereus BNCC 103930 was 0.625 mg/mL. Thymol significantly induced B. cereus cell dysfunction, membrane potential hyperpolarization, pH gradient dissipation, the blockade of ATP synthesis, and intracellular ATP depletion. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEGSEM) assays revealed pronounced membrane damages of B. cereus after thymol administration. Of note, low thymol concentrations, together with low-temperature storage, have the potential to control B. cereus in skim milk. These results indicated that thymol could be used as a food additive preventing B. cereus food poisoning.
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