Lepton-flavour non-universality of (B)over-bar → D*l(ν)over-bar angular distributions in and beyond the Standard Model

We analyze in detail the angular distributions in (B) over bar -> D*l (nu) over bar. decays, with a focus on lepton-flavour non-universality. We investigate the minimal number of angular observables that fully describes current and upcoming datasets, and explore their sensitivity to physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) in the most general weak effective theory. We apply our findings to the current datasets, extract the non-redundant set of angular observables from the data, and compare to precise SM predictions that include lepton-flavour universality violatingmass effects. Our analysis shows that the number of independent angular observables that can be inferred from current experimental data is limited to only four. These are insufficient to extract the full set of relevant BSM parameters. We uncover a similar to 4 sigma tension between data and predictions that is hidden in the redundant presentation of the Belle 2018 data on (B) over bar -> D*l (nu) over bar decays. This tension specifically involves observables that probe e - mu lepton-flavour universality. However, we find inconsistencies in these data, which renders results based on it suspicious. Nevertheless, we discuss which generic BSM scenarios could explain the tension, in the case that the inconsistencies do not affect the data materially. Our findings highlight that e - mu non-universality in the SM, introduced by the finite muon mass, is already significant in a subset of angular observables with respect to the experimental precision.

Automated summary

The study indicates that the limited number of independent angular observables that can be inferred from current experimental data are insufficient to extract the full set of relevant BSM parameters. There is about a 4 sigma tension between data and predictions, which is hidden in the redundant presentation of the Belle 2018 data. However, inconsistencies in the data raise suspicions about the reliability of results based on it.