期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
卷 52, 期 1, 页码 149-160出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/eji.202149619
关键词
antibodies; COVID-19; longitudinal survey; long-lasting immunity; vaccination
类别
资金
- Sociedade Francisco Manuel dos Santos and Grupo Jeronimo Martins
- European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [667824, 952377]
- FundacAo para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) [231_596873172, 729, UID/MAT/00006/2019, PTDC/MAT-APL/31602/2017]
- LANL LDRD program [20210730]
- NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) [HHSN272201400008C]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/MAT-APL/31602/2017] Funding Source: FCT
During the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal, there were three waves of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found a significant increase in seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Portuguese population from September 2020 to March 2021, indicating long-lasting infection immunity. Additionally, vaccinated individuals had higher levels of antibodies compared to those previously infected after 3 weeks post-vaccination.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Portugal has experienced three distinct SARS-CoV-2 infection waves. We previously documented the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 immunity, measured by specific antibodies, in September 2020, 6 months after the initial moderate wave. Here, we show the seroprevalence changes 6 months later, up to the second week of March 2021, shortly following the third wave, which was one of the most severe in the world, and 2 months following the start of the vaccination campaign. A longitudinal epidemiological study was conducted, with a stratified quota sample of the Portuguese population. Serological testing was performed, including ELISA determination of antibody class and titers. The proportion of seropositives, which was 2.2% in September 2020, rose sharply to 17.3% (95% CI: 15.8-18.8%) in March 2021. Importantly, circulating IgG and IgA antibody levels were very stable 6 months after the initial determination and up to a year after initial infection, indicating long-lasting infection immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, vaccinated people had higher IgG levels from 3 weeks post-vaccination when compared with previously infected people at the same time post-infection.
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