期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
卷 291, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118209
关键词
Central Asia; Water pollution; Agriculture; Mining activities
资金
- Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China [XDA20040302]
Central Asia is facing severe water shortages and pollution issues, primarily caused by mining and agriculture activities. High concentrations of heavy metals and radionuclides result from mining, while substances like ammonia, nitrogen, and phosphorus are mainly from agriculture. Additionally, soil salinization and salt dust storms exacerbate water pollution in the region.
Central Asia is one of many regions worldwide that face severe water shortages; nevertheless, water pollution in this region exacerbates the existing water stress and increases the risk of regional water conflicts. In this study, we perform an extensive literature review, and the data show that water pollution in Central Asia is closely linked to human activities. Within the Asian Gold Belt, water pollution is influenced mainly by mining, and the predominant pollutants are heavy metals and radionuclides. However, in the irrigated areas along the middle and lower reaches of inland rivers (e.g., the Amu Darya and Syr Darya), water pollution is strongly associated with agriculture. Hence, irrigated areas are characterized by high concentrations of ammonia, nitrogen, and phosphorus. In addition, the salinities of rivers and groundwater in the middle and lower reaches of inland rivers generally increase along the flow path due to high rates of evaporation. Soil salinization and frequent salt dust storms in the Aral Sea basin further increase the pollution of surface water bodies. Ultimately, the pollution of surface water and groundwater poses risks to human health and deteriorates the ecological environment. To prevent further water pollution, joint monitoring of the surface water and groundwater quantity and quality throughout Central Asia must be implemented immediately.
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