期刊
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
卷 160, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.107063
关键词
Thirdhand smoke; Tobacco; Cannabis; E-cigarette; Methamphetamine; Cocaine
资金
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation [G-2019-11404]
- National Science and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) graduate fellowship
- United States Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (U.S. EPA STAR) program [R840209]
Thirdhand smoke (THS) refers to the contamination that remains indoors after smoking. This study reviews the composition and behavior of different types of indoor THS, including from tobacco, e-cigarettes, cannabis, and illicit substances. Modeling results suggest that volatile compounds are inhaled, while water-soluble compounds are absorbed by the skin.
A source of chemical exposure to humans, thirdhand smoke (THS) refers to the contamination that persists indoors following the cessation of a smoking event. The composition of thirdhand smoke depends on the type of substance from which it originates. Although past studies have investigated the effects of tobacco THS on indoor air quality and human health, few have focused on the chemical composition and health impacts of other sources and components of THS. Here we review the state of knowledge of the composition and partitioning behavior of various types of indoor THS, with a focus on THS from tobacco, e-cigarettes, cannabis, and illicit substances (methamphetamine and cocaine). The discussion is supplemented by estimates of human exposure to THS components made with a chemical fate and exposure model. The modeling results show that while very volatile THS compounds (i.e., aromatics) are likely to be taken up by inhalation, highly water-soluble compounds tended to be dermally absorbed. Conversely, minimally volatile THS compounds with low solubility are predicted to be ingested through hand-to-mouth and object-to-mouth contact.
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