Some viruses need to phase-separate to replicate

Review Cell Biology

The nucleolus as a multiphase liquid condensate

Denis L. J. Lafontaine et al.

Summary: The nucleolus is a membraneless organelle involved in ribonucleoprotein assembly, with recent studies suggesting that it forms as a biomolecular condensate via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Insights from LLPS studies are enhancing our understanding of the nucleolar structure-function relationship.

NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY (2021)

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Article Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Liquid-liquid phase separation underpins the formation of replication factories in rotaviruses

Florian Geiger et al.

Summary: RNA viruses induce the formation of subcellular organelles that provide microenvironments conducive to their replication. The replication factories of rotaviruses represent protein-RNA condensates that can be reversibly dissolved by specific substances, impacting viral replication. These condensates exhibit different properties at different stages of viral infection, providing new insights into viral replication research.

EMBO JOURNAL (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

A condensate-hardening drug blocks RSV replication in vivo

Jennifer Risso-Ballester et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that cyclopamine and its analogue A3E inhibit RSV replication by disorganizing and hardening inclusion bodies. These small molecules act directly on the liquid properties of inclusion bodies, disrupting them within minutes. Cyclopamine and A3E also inhibit RSV in infected mice, showing in vivo activity as condensate-targeting drugs.

NATURE (2021)

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Article Multidisciplinary Sciences