4.2 Article

Co-infection of Lactococcus garvieae and Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus cultured in India

期刊

DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
卷 147, 期 -, 页码 127-140

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INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/dao03638

关键词

Tilapia lake virus; TiLV; Lactococcus garvieae; Co-infection; Nile tilapia; India

资金

  1. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, DDG (Fy) Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
  2. ICAR-NBFGR, Lucknow, India
  3. National Fisheries Development Board, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries [NFDB/Coord/NBFGR/2012-13/16720]
  4. Institute Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) of ICARNBFGR [909/GO/Re/S/05/CPCSEA, 25/111/2014-CPCESA, G/IAEC/2019/1]

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This study revealed that co-infection of TiLV and other bacteria may increase mortality in disease outbreaks. This is the first reported co-infection of L. garvieae with TiLV associated with mass mortality in Nile tilapia in India.
Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) and Lactococcus garvieae are 2 major pathogens of cultured Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. In June-July 2018, a disease outbreak was reported in Nile tilapia cultured in brackish water floating cages in Kerala, India. Affected fish died gradually, and cumulative mortality reached similar to 75% within 1 mo. In the present study, TiLV and L. garvieae were isolated from the infected fish and confirmed. Nucleotide analysis of the partial sequence of segment 3 revealed that the present TiLV isolate showed 100% similarity with TiLV MF574205 and 97.65% similarity with TiLV KU552135 isolated in Israel. The partial 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence of L. garvieae shared 99% similarity with the 16S rDNA nucleotide sequence of L. garvieae isolated from Nile tilapia in Brazil. Eight virulence genes (hly1, hly2, hly3, NADH oxidase, adhPav, LPxTG-1, LPxTG-4, adhC1) were amplified in the present isolate. In the experimental challenge study, the onset of mortality started earlier in fish co-infected with TiLV and L. garvieae (3 d post-infection [dpi]) compared to other groups. Cumulative mortality (90% at 12 dpi) was significantly higher in the co-infected group than in fish infected with TiLV (60% at 12 dpi) and L. garvieae (40% at 12 dpi) alone. This study reveals that synergistic co-infection with TiLV and other bacteria may increase mortality in disease outbreaks. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported co-infection of L. garvieae with TiLV associated with mass mortality in Nile tilapia in India.

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