期刊
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
卷 42, 期 5, 页码 693-712出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1962241
关键词
Xylose isomerase; xylose; lignocellulosic biomass; isomerase; biorefinery; enzyme; biotechnology
资金
- CNPq
- Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)
- Fundacao de Amparoa Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [2019/08855-1, 2018/02865-2, 2017/14253-9]
Isomerases, particularly xylose isomerases (XIs), are enzymes widely studied for their role in industrial processes such as biotransforming xylose. The application of XIs in downstream metabolism of microorganisms is a smart strategy for producing value-added biochemicals with broad industrial applications. Recent advancements in XIs have expanded their range of applications, providing comprehensive insights into their mechanisms of action and potential for developing xylose bioprocesses.
Isomerases are enzymes that induce physical changes in a molecule without affecting the original molecular formula. Among this class of enzymes, xylose isomerases (XIs) are the most studied to date, partly due to their extensive application in industrial processes to produce high-fructose corn sirups. In recent years, the need for sustainable initiatives has triggered efforts to improve the biobased economy through the use of renewable raw materials. In this context, D-xylose usage is crucial as it is the second-most abundant sugar in nature. The application of XIs in biotransforming xylose, enabling downstream metabolism in several microorganisms, is a smart strategy for ensuring a low-carbon footprint and producing several value-added biochemicals with broad industrial applications such as in the food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical, and polymer industries. Considering recent advancements that have expanded the range of applications of XIs, this review provides a comprehensive and concise overview of XIs, from their primary sources to the biochemical and structural features that influence their mechanisms of action. This comprehensive review may help address the challenges involved in XI applications in different industries and facilitate the exploitation of xylose bioprocesses.
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