A Biological-Realtime Neuromorphic System in 28 nm CMOS Using Low-Leakage Switched Capacitor Circuits

A switched-capacitor (SC) neuromorphic system for closed-loop neural coupling in 28 nm CMOS is presented, occupying 600 um by 600 um. It offers 128 input channels (i.e., presynaptic terminals), 8192 synapses and 64 output channels (i.e., neurons). Biologically realistic neuron and synapse dynamics are achieved via a faithful translation of the behavioural equations to SC circuits. As leakage currents significantly affect circuit behaviour at this technology node, dedicated compensation techniques are employed to achieve biological-realtime operation, with faithful reproduction of time constants of several 100 ms at room temperature. Power draw of the overall system is 1.9 mW.