Stage II and stage III periodontitis clinical burdens of HIV-1 undergoing antiretroviral therapy

Objectives The aim of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to estimate the association of HIV-1 infection under highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on the clinical parameters of periodontitis. Materials and methods A total of 205 patients were divided in two groups: 74 HIV + and 131 HIV - . Periodontal probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), and visible supragingival biofilm (VSB) were recorded. The association of HIV-1 infection with the presence of at least 3 sites with PPD >= 5 mm and/or CAL >= 4 mm in non-adjacent teeth was estimated using binary logistic regression models. Results The variables HIV-1 infection (OR = 5.53, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 2.45-13.64), age [range 35-50 years old (OR = 5.73, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 2.49-13.20); > 50 years old (OR = 6.29, p = 0.002, 95% CI: 1.94-20.42)], and VSB (OR = 23.68, p < 0.0001, 95% CI: 8.07-69.53) showed a significant direct association with BOP outcome. Conclusions HIV-1 infection under HAART did not have association with the presence of at least 3 sites with PPD >= 5 mm and/or CAL >= 4 mm. However, HIV patients on HAART had direct association of HIV-1 infection with BOP and an inverse association with PPD.

Automated summary

This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to assess the impact of HIV-1 infection under highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) on periodontitis clinical parameters. The results showed a direct association of HIV-1 infection with bleeding on probing (BOP), but no association with periodontal probing depth (PPD). Age and visible supragingival biofilm (VSB) also had significant associations with BOP outcome.