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Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Gema M. Lledo et al.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Pablo Parente-Arias et al.
Summary: The study found that olfactory and gustatory dysfunction was common in COVID-19 patients, with associations to age, sex, and clinical severity. Smell disruption had a high recovery rate, with most patients experiencing symptom relief within two months, while around 15% remained symptomatic after three months of follow-up.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Matan Elkan et al.
Summary: A survey conducted in Israel showed that COVID-19 patients continue to suffer from various symptoms and experience a deterioration in their health months after hospitalization. This highlights the importance of long-term medical follow-up and further research to understand the long-term effects of this novel disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Letter
Anesthesiology
Manuel Taboada et al.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Nhu Ngoc Nguyen et al.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Thomas Sonnweber et al.
Summary: A study found that some COVID-19 patients still experienced persistent symptoms and lung function impairment 100 days after the onset of the disease, but there was significant improvement in symptoms and cardiopulmonary status over time.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chaolin Huang et al.
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term health consequences of discharged COVID-19 patients and associated risk factors, particularly disease severity. Patients with more severe illness during hospitalization showed more severe impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations, highlighting the need for targeted interventions for long-term recovery.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Xiaoyu Han et al.
Summary: The study found that over one-third of severe COVID-19 patients showed fibrotic-like changes in the lung at 6-month follow-up CT, which were associated with older age, acute respiratory distress syndrome, longer hospital stays, tachycardia, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, and higher initial chest CT score.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Piero Clavario et al.
Summary: The study found that three months after discharge, about one-third of COVID-19 survivors may experience impaired cardiopulmonary function, leading to muscle functional limitations. Multivariate analysis showed that lung function, CO diffusion capacity, and DLE maximal strength were associated with pVO2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Qian Wu et al.
Summary: Patients with COVID-19 mainly presented with fatigue and exertional dyspnea 6 months after discharge, with pulmonary dysfunction characterized by pulmonary diffusion impairment. The severe group showed a higher prevalence of residual lung lesions compared to the moderate group, with residual lesions mostly manifesting as ground-glass opacities and linear opacities.
CANADIAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Jessica Gonzalez et al.
Summary: The study investigated the long-term pulmonary sequelae in critical patients who survived COVID-19, finding that structural abnormalities and functional impairment were highly prevalent in these patients three months after discharge, indicating the need for pulmonary evaluation in all critical COVID-19 survivors.
Article
Immunology
Karen B. Jacobson et al.
Summary: The study assessed 118 individuals 3-4 months after their initial COVID-19 diagnosis and found significant persistent symptoms and functional impairment, even in non-hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Wei Qin et al.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Guangbo Qu et al.
Summary: This study investigated the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of COVID-19 patients after discharge, finding that most patients still experienced physical symptoms three months after discharge. Female gender, older age (60 years and above), and the presence of physical symptoms after discharge were identified as risk factors for poor physical and mental health outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Leila Simani et al.
Summary: The prevalence of CFS among patients with COVID-19 is similar to that in the general population, and PTSD in patients with COVID-19 is not associated with an increased risk of CFS. Medical institutions should pay attention to the psychological consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak.
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Imad M. Tleyjeh et al.
Summary: The study evaluated COVID-19 survivors post discharge and found that dyspnea, cough, and fatigue were common symptoms at 4 months after discharge. Risk factors for new or persistent symptoms included female gender, pre-existing hypertension, and longer hospital stays. Age, pre-existing lung disease, and emergency room visits were associated with not fully recovering from acute COVID-19. Patients treated with interferon beta-1b based triple antiviral therapy during hospital stay were less likely to have ongoing symptoms and more likely to return to baseline health.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Knut Stavem et al.
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of fatigue following COVID-19, which was higher than in a general norm population. Fatigue symptoms were most prevalent among women, individuals with a high symptom load, or confusion during the acute phase of COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Andrea M. Lerner et al.
Summary: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has caused a massive global burden of infection and mortality over the past year, with additional tolls from long-term consequences yet to be quantified. A virtual workshop was held in December 2020 to discuss postacute COVID-19 and identify key knowledge gaps in understanding this condition, which includes heterogeneous disease manifestations among some individuals even after their initial recovery from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Juan Riestra-Ayora et al.
Summary: In COVID-19 patients, olfactory and gustatory dysfunction showed high-resolution rates within the first two months after onset, but 11% did not fully recover and 30% partially recovered after 6 months. There was a high correlation between olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, while nasal obstruction and dyspnea were identified as risk factors for symptom persistence.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Y. F. Shang et al.
Summary: This study analyzed the sequelae of COVID-19 in 1174 recovered patients, finding that 55.4% experienced some form of sequelae, with fatigue, sleep disorders, and shortness of breath being the most common symptoms.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lawrence D. Hayes et al.
Summary: With the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more attention has been drawn to the persistent symptoms of long COVID, yet systematic reviews on the type and prevalence of symptoms are lacking. A study found that there are over 100 different symptoms reported in long COVID patients, with significant variations in prevalence, potentially related to unknown factors.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Cesar Fernandez-de-las-Penas et al.
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of post-COVID-19 cough one year after hospital discharge in COVID-19 survivors and found that a significant proportion of patients still experienced respiratory symptoms post-discharge, with a 2.5% prevalence of long-term cough. No clear risk factors associated with long-term post-COVID-19 cough were identified.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Destin Groff et al.
Summary: This systematic review found that more than half of COVID-19 survivors experienced PASC 6 months after recovery, with the most common effects being functional mobility impairments, pulmonary abnormalities, and mental health disorders.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ziyad Al-Aly et al.
Summary: This study comprehensively describes the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 using national healthcare databases, finding increased risk of death and use of health resources beyond the first 30 days of illness, as well as incident sequelae in various organ systems, increased use of therapeutic agents, and evidence of laboratory abnormalities. The findings show a risk gradient according to the severity of acute COVID-19 infection and highlight the burden of health loss experienced by patients who survive the acute phase.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ani Nalbandian et al.
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, causing global healthcare crises. Recovery from COVID-19 may lead to persistent symptoms and long-term complications, prompting the need for multidisciplinary care and follow-up for survivors.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Antoine Froidure et al.
Summary: A cohort study was conducted to determine respiratory sequelae in patients with severe and critical COVID-19, finding that a substantial proportion complain of persisting dyspnea and fatigue post-recovery. Impairment of DLCO and signs suggestive of fibrosis are common, but not strictly related to long-lasting symptoms.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Mikulas Skala et al.
Summary: Post-COVID patients were categorized into four clinical groups based on subjective respiratory symptoms and objective signs of pulmonary involvement. Nearly half of outpatients and one third of hospitalized patients had objective signs of pulmonary involvement without accompanying subjective respiratory symptoms three months after diagnosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sarah E. Daugherty et al.
Summary: The study evaluated the excess risk and relative hazards for developing incident clinical sequelae after the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults aged 18-65. The results show that individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 may have a higher risk of developing new clinical sequelae after the acute phase compared to the control groups, with some sequelae more commonly seen in other viral illnesses.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Qi Mei et al.
Summary: This study found significant post-COVID-19 sequelae that impact the functions of multiple organ systems in survivors, indicating long-term effects of the disease that can negatively affect quality of life, strain healthcare systems, and lead to prolonged periods of lost productivity. Additionally, female gender and anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity may play essential roles in survival after COVID-19 infection.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Anna Schandl et al.
Summary: This study investigated the outcomes of COVID-19 survivors five months after ICU discharge, and found that most survivors experienced impaired health-related quality of life, as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression. These outcomes were largely similar regardless of the type of ventilatory support received during ICU treatment.
ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Ameen Biadsee et al.
Summary: The study investigated recovery of loss of smell and taste among recovered COVID-19 patients, finding that complete recovery occurred in 52% and 61.5% for olfactory and gustatory functions, respectively, with dysfunction persisting in 48%-38.5% of patients. Gender did not significantly affect recovery, but patients who initially experienced olfactory dysfunction had lower recovery rates.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Respiratory System
Justina Motiejunaite et al.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alberto Fortini et al.
Summary: Few data are currently available on persistent symptoms and late organ damage in patients who have suffered from COVID-19. A prospective study aimed to evaluate the results of a follow-up program for patients discharged from a nonintensive COVID-19 ward. 77.8% of COVID-19 patients continue to complain of symptoms 3-6 months after hospital discharge, with exertional dyspnea significantly associated with lung US abnormalities and diffusing capacity alterations.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Gilles Darcis et al.
Summary: A prospective study in Belgium found that 47% and 32% of discharged COVID-19 patients still experienced exertional dyspnoea and fatigue after 6 months. Lung function tests revealed a significant improvement in carbon monoxide diffusion capacity at the 6-month follow-up, while chest CT scans showed a high prevalence of persistent abnormalities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jennifer A. Frontera et al.
Summary: Long-term outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients, particularly those with neurological complications, showed impairments in daily living activities, cognition, anxiety, depression, and sleep. Patients with neurological complications had significantly worse functional outcomes compared to those without.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lixue Huang et al.
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zahin Amin-Chowdhury et al.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bjorn Blomberg et al.
Summary: An analysis of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections in Bergen, Norway, revealed that a high proportion of patients experienced long-term COVID symptoms at 6 months, even though they were relatively young and had only mild to moderate acute COVID-19 symptoms. This highlights the significance of infection control measures, such as vaccination.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dominik Menges et al.
Summary: This study found a significant proportion of individuals experiencing longer-term consequences after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some patients did not fully recover six to eight months post-diagnosis, with many experiencing symptoms of fatigue, dyspnea, or depression. Additionally, a high percentage sought healthcare services after acute illness, but some individuals did not seek further care despite ongoing symptoms.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Damiano Caruso et al.
Summary: At the 6-month follow-up chest CT, 72% of patients with COVID-19 showed late sequelae, particularly fibrosis-like changes. The baseline Lung Severity Score and well-aerated lung volume at quantitative chest CT analysis performed well in predicting fibrosis-like changes after 6 months. Male sex, cough, lymphocytosis, and well-aerated lung volume at QCCT analysis were significant predictors of fibrosis-like changes at 6 months, showing an inverse correlation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandra Lopez-Leon et al.
Summary: This study aimed to identify studies assessing the long-term effects of COVID-19, estimating that 80% of infected patients will develop one or more long-term symptoms, with the most common being fatigue, headache, attention disorder, hair loss, and dyspnea.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sherif M. Shoucri et al.
Summary: Patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 infection reported persistent symptoms up to 6 months after diagnosis, with cardiopulmonary symptoms and generalized or neuropsychiatric symptoms increasing over time. Severe COVID-19 patients were more likely to experience reduced mobility, decreased independence, or new dialysis requirements in the 6 months following hospitalization.
Editorial Material
Otorhinolaryngology
Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo et al.
INTERNATIONAL FORUM OF ALLERGY & RHINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Rakhee K. Ramakrishnan et al.
Summary: COVID-19 has been present for over a year with limited treatment options available. Some recovered patients experience lingering symptoms, known as long COVID-19, possibly due to a persistent immune response causing ongoing inflammation processes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Michele Davide Maria Lombardo et al.
Summary: One year after SARS-CoV-2 infection, most patients still experienced symptoms such as fatigue, pain, and sleep disorders. Older age was associated with higher prevalence of symptoms, with significant differences observed between young and middle-aged adults.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Carolina X. Sandler et al.
Summary: Fatigue is a prominent feature in both acute and convalescent stages of COVID-19, with lasting effects on long-term recovery. Studying post-COVID fatigue and fatigue after other infections can provide valuable insights into clinical and research approaches to assess and address this issue.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Souheil Zayet et al.
Summary: More than a third of COVID-19 patients experienced persistent symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a particular focus on loss of smell, loss of taste, fatigue, and dyspnea. Among COVID-19 outpatients, healthcare workers had a higher prevalence of post-COVID-19 syndrome.
Article
Oncology
Xi Yin et al.
Summary: This study found that COVID-19 survivors with dyspnea had significantly different characteristics compared to those without dyspnea. Parameters associated with lesion volume on CT scans showed the best predictive ability for post-discharge dyspnea among clinical and subjective CT findings. Lesion volume decreased gradually from peak period to discharge and continued to decrease 6 months after discharge.
ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
J. Antonio Gonzalez-Hermosillo et al.
Summary: The study found that fatigue was the most common symptom among COVID-19 recovered adults, with those aged 40 to 50 years being more likely to experience fatigue. Only 13% of patients met the criteria for ME/CFS.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tahmina Nasserie et al.
Summary: COVID-19 infection is associated with persistent symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and insomnia. Current studies on symptom persistence are highly heterogeneous, and future research needs longer follow-up, improved quality, and more standardized designs to accurately quantify risks.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yoonjung Kim et al.
Summary: The study found that the rate of COVID-19-related long-term sequelae was 65.7%, with the most common sequelae being fatigue. Female gender was identified as a factor associated with mental and psychological long-term sequelae.
INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arne Soraas et al.
Summary: The study investigated the health status of 8786 non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients and found that 36% of positive patients rated their health somewhat or much worse than one year ago, compared to only 18% of negative patients. Symptoms such as sore throat and cough were more frequently reported in the control group.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Louise Sigfrid et al.
Summary: This study found that survivors of Covid-19 experienced long-term symptoms, new disability, increased breathlessness, and reduced quality of life. These findings were present in young, previously healthy working age adults, and were most common in younger females.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2021)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Melina Michelen et al.
Summary: Long COVID is a complex condition with prolonged and heterogeneous symptoms, including weakness, general malaise, fatigue, concentration impairment, and breathlessness. Approximately 37% of patients reported reduced quality of life, and 26% of studies presented evidence of reduced pulmonary function. There is an urgent need for further studies to explore the etiology, risk factors, and biomarkers of long COVID in different populations and settings.
Article
Respiratory System
T. J. M. Wallis et al.
Summary: The study found that some COVID-19 patients still had chest X-ray abnormalities 12 weeks after discharge. Longer length of stay, obesity, increased serum LDH, and smoking status were identified as independent risk factors for persistent radiograph abnormality.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Max Augustin et al.
Summary: The study observed long-term symptoms in non-hospitalised patients post SARS-CoV-2 infection for four and seven months, identifying persistent symptoms such as shortness of breath, anosmia, ageusia, and fatigue, summarised as post-COVID syndrome (PCS).
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-EUROPE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Heba Mohamed Tawfik et al.
Summary: The study highlights the long-term symptoms in healthcare staff infected with COVID-19, shedding light on the diverse and persistent manifestations that require further large-scale studies. Participants aged 35 years and older had a higher likelihood of experiencing long-term symptoms.
ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Maxime Taquet et al.
Summary: Our study provides evidence of significant neurological and psychiatric morbidity in the 6 months following COVID-19 infection. The risks were highest in patients with severe COVID-19. This information could assist in service planning and research priority identification.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Gianluca E. M. Boari et al.
Summary: This study aimed to assess the short-term consequences of COVID-19-related pneumonia and its association with risk indices. Findings revealed that a quarter of patients showed evidence of pulmonary fibrosis after 4 months of discharge, with some patients experiencing persistent symptoms. Quality of life and disease severity may provide insights into predicting the clinical outcomes of the disease.
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE & CARDIOVASCULAR PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Arshed Hussain Parry et al.
Summary: Nearly half of post-COVID-19 survivors showed residual lung abnormalities after >= 3 months of follow-up, with older age, higher comorbidities, longer hospital stay, more severe illness, and lower steroid usage being common characteristics among those with residual abnormalities. Certain clinico-radiological characteristics have the potential to identify individuals at risk of having residual lung abnormalities on medium-term follow-up.
EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maria Gavriatopoulou et al.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Letter
Respiratory System
Alyson W. Wong et al.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Psychiatry
Nina Kadidiatou Fofana et al.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2020)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Manoj Sivan et al.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Limei Liang et al.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Seyed Mohammad Hossein Tabatabaei et al.
EMERGENCY RADIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yiping Lu et al.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Larissa Shamseer et al.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2015)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Larissa Shamseer et al.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2015)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David Moher et al.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2015)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jan J. Barendregt et al.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2013)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael A. Steinman et al.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2013)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
JPT Higgins et al.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2003)
