Hybrid nanofluid flow containing single-wall and multi-wall CNTs induced by a slender stretchable sheet

The current research highlights the impact of thermal stratification on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of Fe3O4 hybrid carbon nanotubes (CNTs) scattered in the mixture of carrier-based fluid such as ethylene glycol and water (50-50%) over a slender stretching sheet. Single-walled and multi walled carbon nanotubes were considered in the current study. The problem was initially constructed in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) and then transformed to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by using a suitable set of transformations. These transformed ODEs were solved using a built-in code accessible in MATLAB software called the boundary value problem of fourth-order (bvp4c). The emerging dimensionless constraints were achieved after utilizing the transformations and then later numerically computed. The outcomes indicated that the velocities and temperature augment due to the hybrid nanoparticles, while the velocities initially enhance and then decline in the case of decelerated flow (A <= 0). However, the reverse impact was noted for the profiles of temperature distribution. The magnetic field reduces the velocities but augments the temperature distribution. Moreover, the thermal stratification elevates the temperature as well as the velocities.

Automated summary

The study examined the impact of thermal stratification on the magnetohydrodynamic flow of hybrid carbon nanotubes in a carrier-based fluid, revealing how magnetic field and thermal stratification affect velocity and temperature distribution.