期刊
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
卷 351, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109728
关键词
Cholestasis; DILI; Transport
资金
- Research Training Group Biostatistical Methods for High-Dimensional Data in Toxicology - Deutsche For-schungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) [RTG 2624, 427806116]
- European Union [681002]
- LivSy-sTransfer (BMBF) [031L0119]
A method was introduced to assess the risk of human drug induced liver injury based on oral doses and blood concentrations of drugs using in vitro/in silico approaches. The addition of an assay that measures the inhibition of bile acid export carriers improved the differentiation of hepatotoxic and non-hepatotoxic compounds. Integration of the CMFDA assay with an in vitro test battery enhanced the separation of hepatotoxic from non-hepatotoxic compounds.
An in vitro/in silico method that determines the risk of human drug induced liver injury in relation to oral doses and blood concentrations of drugs was recently introduced. This method utilizes information on the maximal blood concentration (C-max) for a specific dose of a test compound, which can be estimated using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling, and a cytotoxicity test in cultured human hepatocytes. In the present study, we analyzed if the addition of an assay that measures the inhibition of bile acid export carriers, like BSEP and/or MRP2, to the existing method improves the differentiation of hepatotoxic and non-hepatotoxic compounds. Therefore, an export assay for 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate (CMFDA) was established. We tested 36 compounds in a concentration-dependent manner for which the risk of hepatotoxicity for specific oral doses and the capacity to inhibit hepatocyte export carriers are known. Compared to the CTB cytotoxicity test, substantially lower EC10 values were obtained using the CMFDA assay for several known BSEP and/or MRP2 inhibitors. To quantify if the addition of the CMFDA assay to our test system improves the overall separation of hepatotoxic from non-hepatotoxic compounds, the toxicity separation index (TSI) was calculated. We obtained a better TSI using the lower alert concentration from either the CMFDA or the CTB test (TSI: 0.886) compared to considering the CTB test alone (TSI: 0.775). In conclusion, the data show that integration of the CMFDA assay with an in vitro test battery improves the differentiation of hepatotoxic and non-hepatotoxic compounds in a set of compounds that includes bile acid export carrier inhibitors.
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