4.7 Review

Fire-retardant unsaturated polyester thermosets: The state-of-the-art, challenges and opportunities

相关参考文献

注意:仅列出部分参考文献,下载原文获取全部文献信息。
Article Engineering, Environmental

Facile and green fabrication of flame-retardant Ti3C2Tx MXene networks for ultrafast, reusable and weather-resistant fire warning

Min Mao et al.

Summary: This study presents a method for preparing naturally fire-resistant MXene networks with ultrafast fire warning response and recovery time, as well as stable fire cyclic warning capability, and provide reusable and weather-resistant fire warning responses.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2022)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Hierarchical core-shell TiO2@LDH@Ni(OH)2 architecture with regularly-oriented nanocatalyst shells: Towards improving the mechanical performance, flame retardancy and toxic smoke suppression of unsaturated polyester resin

Fukai Chu et al.

Summary: This study constructs a hierarchical core-shell TiO2-based architecture to enhance the interfacial interaction between TiO2 and UPR matrix, improving the mechanical performance of the composites. The optimization of transition metal compounds is crucial for effectively reducing fire hazards of UPR composites.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Thermodynamics

Surface-modified ammonium polyphosphate with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane, pentaerythritol and melamine dramatically improve flame retardancy and thermal stability of unsaturated polyester resin

Zhongwei Chen et al.

Summary: Surface-modified ammonium polyphosphate, when incorporated with other compounds, significantly enhances the flame retardancy and thermal stability of unsaturated polyester resin, leading to the formation of materials with good carbonization ability.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2021)

Article Polymer Science

Preparation of microencapsulated aluminum hypophosphite and its flame retardancy of the unsaturated polyester resin composites

Guorong Zhang et al.

Summary: A novel microencapsulated flame retardant CP@AHP, consisting of aluminum hypophosphite (AHP) as the core material and chlorinated paraffin (CP) as the shell material, was successfully prepared and applied in unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) to enhance fire safety. The results showed that CP@AHP could improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the UPR composites, indicating its potential as an effective flame retardant.

POLYMER BULLETIN (2021)

Article Materials Science, Characterization & Testing

The role of β relaxations in determining the compressive properties of an epoxy amine network modified with POSS and mono-functional epoxy resins

Larry Q. Reyes et al.

Summary: This study investigates the glassy state molecular mobility of modified epoxy amine networks using sub-ambient 1 relaxations and its relationship to compressive properties. Two types of additives, bulky inorganic siloxane caged epoxy functional polysilsesquioxanes (POSS) and mono-functional epoxy diluents, were used to modify the networks. Despite structural variations, the glassy state molecular mobility correlates strongly with changes in modulus and yield strain.

POLYMER TESTING (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Functionalizing MXene towards highly stretchable, ultratough, fatigue- and fire-resistant polymer nanocomposites

Lei Liu et al.

Summary: This study introduces a hybridized fire retardant (Zr-MXene) strategy, which successfully enhances the mechanical properties of TPU nanocomposites to a record-breaking level while significantly reducing flammability.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Study of the acoustic emission response to a core-shell rubber-toughened, high-temperature composite

Samuel R. Swan et al.

Summary: Adding core-shell rubber in highly cross-linked networks can improve thermal properties while reducing flexural properties, but enhancing fracture toughness and interlaminar fracture energy release rate.

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE (2021)

Article Polymer Science

A novel P-S-Si-based cage-structural monomer for flame-retardant modification of unsaturated polyester resin

Gang Zhang et al.

Summary: This study synthesized a new reactive flame-retardant monomer MVDOS to modify UPR, resulting in improved flame-retardant properties with the composites achieving a V-0 rating without dripping. The introduction of MVDOS also enhanced the stability of UPR composites and promoted the formation of a carbon layer, providing an effective barrier to protect the materials.

POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES (2021)

Review Polymer Science

Phosphorus-containing flame retardant epoxy thermosets: Recent advances and future perspectives

Siqi Huo et al.

Summary: Phosphorus (P)-containing flame retardants have been widely used in epoxy thermosets due to their high flame retardancy efficiency, low toxicity, and impact on material properties. They are classified into reactive and additive types, and have potential for future research and development.

PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE (2021)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A Durable, Flexible, Large-Area, Flame-Retardant, Early Fire Warning Sensor with Built-In Patterned Electrodes

Fawad Khan et al.

Summary: This study demonstrates the fabrication of a durable, flexible, and large-scale early fire-warning sensor through constructing a hierarchical flame retardant nanocoating on cotton fabric. The sensor shows a short alarming time in response to external high temperature, heat, or fire, and possesses high washability, flexibility, resistance to abrasion and wear. The hierarchical nanocoating can self-extinguish, enabling the sensor to continue warning during fire, thus offering an inventive concept for developing a universal and large-scale very early fire-monitoring platform.

SMALL METHODS (2021)

Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

A highly fire-safe and smoke-suppressive single-component epoxy resin with switchable curing temperature and rapid curing rate

Shuang Yang et al.

Summary: A highly fire-safe and smoke-suppressive single-component epoxy resin system containing phosphorus and imidazole has been successfully designed, demonstrating rapid modest-temperature curing and excellent fire retardancy and smoke suppression properties.

COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Polymer Science

Investigation of the Dual Polymerization of Rapid Curing Organophosphorous Modified Epoxy/Amine Resins and Subsequent Flame Retardancy

Seyed Mohsen Seraji et al.

Summary: In this study, two rapid curing, low viscosity phosphorous modified epoxy amine resin systems are simultaneously cured via chain growth and step growth mechanisms. The effects of different catalysts, DOPO chemical incorporation, and cure reaction, chemorheology, and flame retardancy are investigated. The use of 2E4MI and BF3 catalysts, and increasing DOPO content, impact the cure reaction and glass transition temperature.

MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

A molecularly engineered bioderived polyphosphate for enhanced flame retardant, UV-blocking and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid)

Yan Zhang et al.

Summary: This study reports the synthesis of a novel multifunctional bioderived polyphosphate (PPD) using plant-derived diphenolic acid for PLA, which enables PLA to achieve desirable flame retardancy and high UV protection. Adding 6wt% of PPD results in a 31% increase in impact toughness and a slight improvement in tensile strength for PLA.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flame retardant polymer materials: An update and the future for 3D printing developments

Henri Vahabi et al.

Summary: This review paper focuses on recent developments in flame retardant polymer materials, with a particular emphasis on qualitative and quantitative analyses of their flame retardant properties. It also highlights advancements in designing precise structures through innovative technologies and the flame retardancy performances of 3D printing. The strategies driving innovative flame retardant polymer materials and 3D printing technology are approaching a practical juncture in the near future.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS (2021)

Article Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Bioinspired, Highly Adhesive, Nanostructured Polymeric Coatings for Superhydrophobic Fire-Extinguishing Thermal Insulation Foam

Zhewen Ma et al.

Summary: This study presents a biomimetic strategy to design a polymeric coating with strong adhesion and flame-retardant properties, which can self-extinguish during vertical burning and release low heat and smoke, outperforming previous products.

ACS NANO (2021)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Phosphazene as an effective flame retardant for rapid curing epoxy resins

Seyed Mohsen Seraji et al.

Summary: The epoxy amine resin developed for high pressure resin transfer moulding composite fabrication exhibits rapid curing, low viscosity, good thermal and mechanical properties, and excellent flame retardancy. The addition of HPCTP fire-retardant additive results in only a small increase in viscosity, while achieving a V0 rating and a high LOI in the UL-94 test.

REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS (2021)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Flame retardant polymeric nanocomposites through the combination of nanomaterials and conventional flame retardants

Wentao He et al.

PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE (2020)

Article Polymer Science

Partially Exfoliated α-ZrP Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Nanocomposites by Simultaneous Co-polymerization and Bronsted Acid-Base Strategy

Prabunathan Pichaimani et al.

JOURNAL OF INORGANIC AND ORGANOMETALLIC POLYMERS AND MATERIALS (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Effects of Low-Load Boron/Silicon-Based Graphene Oxide on Combustion and Thermal Degradation of Flame-Retardant Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Junfei Li et al.

MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

A Liquid Phosphaphenanthrene-Derived Imidazole for Improved Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression of Epoxy Resin

Siqi Huo et al.

ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS (2020)

Article Polymer Science

Flame Retardancy Index for Thermoplastic Composites

Henri Vahabi et al.

POLYMERS (2019)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Multifunctional Gelcoats for Fiber Reinforced Composites

Akos Pomazi et al.

COATINGS (2019)

Article Thermodynamics

A mussel-inspired intumescent flame-retardant unsaturated polyester resin system

Ming Gao et al.

JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY (2019)

Article Polymer Science

Phosphorus-nitrogen-type fire-retardant vinyl ester resin with good comprehensive properties

Huajun Duan et al.

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2019)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Molecular Firefighting-How Modern Phosphorus Chemistry Can Help Solve the Challenge of Flame Retardancy

Maria M. Velencoso et al.

ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION (2018)

Article Polymer Science

Recent developments in fire-retardant thermoset resins using inorganic-organic hybrid flame retardants

Ewa Kicko-Walczak et al.

JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING (2018)

Article Materials Science, Composites

Flammability Behavior of Unsaturated Polyesters Modified With Novel Phosphorous Containing Flame Retardants

Kunal Wazarkar et al.

POLYMER COMPOSITES (2017)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Poly(vinyl chloride) and its fire properties

Marcelo M. Hirschler

FIRE AND MATERIALS (2017)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Improvement in Char Strength with an Open Cage Silsesquioxane Flame Retardant

Yolanda Bautista et al.

MATERIALS (2017)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Flame retardancy and mechanical properties of a novel intumescent flame-retardant unsaturated polyester

Ming Gao et al.

JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY (2016)

Article Polymer Science

Flame Retardancy and Kinetic Behavior of Ammonium Polyphosphate-Treated Unsaturated Polyester/Phenolic Interpenetrating Polymer Network

Azman Hassan et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF POLYMER ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION (2013)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Fire behavior and smoke emission of phosphate-based inorganic fire-retarded polyester resin

M. R. Ricciardi et al.

FIRE AND MATERIALS (2012)

Article Polymer Science

Thermal degradation and fire behavior of thermoset resins modified with phosphorus containing styrene

Lucie Tibiletti et al.

POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY (2012)

Article Polymer Science

Thermal degradation and fire behaviour of unsaturated polyesters filled with metallic oxides

Lucie Tibiletti et al.

POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY (2011)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Fire hazard evaluation of thermoplastics based on analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method

Baogang Yu et al.

FIRE AND MATERIALS (2010)

Review Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

New prospects in flame retardant polymer materials: From fundamentals to nanocomposites

F. Laoutid et al.

MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING R-REPORTS (2009)

Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Fire safety assessment of halogen-free flame retardant polypropylene based on cone calorimeter

Skuqin He et al.

JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES (2007)

Review Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Commercial flame retardancy of unsaturated polyester and vinyl resins: Review

ED Weil et al.

JOURNAL OF FIRE SCIENCES (2004)

Article Polymer Science

Kinetics of thermal decomposition of unsaturated polyester resins with reduced flammability

E Kicko-Walczak

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE (2003)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Pyrolysis-gas-chromatographic study of a series of polyester thermosets

SJ Evans et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS (2000)