期刊
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
卷 429, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132419
关键词
Oil sands process water; Ferric citrate; Naphthenic acids; Visible light; Fe(II)/Fe(III) catalytic cycle
资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Senior Industrial Research Chair (IRC) in Oil Sands Tailings Water Treatment through Canada's Oil Sands Innovation Alliance (COSIA)
- Syncrude Canada Ltd.
- Suncor Energy Inc.
- Canadian Natural Resources Ltd.
- Imperial Oil Resources
- Teck Resources Limited
- EPCOR Water Services
- Alberta Innovates
- Alberta Environment and Parks
- Canada First Research Excellence Fund
- Jiangsu Overseas Visiting Scholar Program for University Prominent Young & Middle-Aged Teachers and Presidents
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment
The environmentally-friendly treatment method based on photochemical reactions of ferricarboxylate complexes effectively degrades classical naphthenic acids (NAs) in oil sands process water (OSPW) under visible light irradiation, with degradation ratios depending on the initial pH of the OSPW. Ferric citrate has excellent visible light absorption ability and can produce both Fe2+ and H2O2 in situ, acting as a Fenton reagent to non-selectively degrade NAs.
An environmental-friendly treatment method based on photochemical reactions of ferricarboxylate complexes was developed for the treatment of oil sands process water (OSPW). Without using H2O2, the classical naphthenic acids (NAs), one of the organic compounds present in OSPW, can be effectively degraded by ferric citrate under visible light irradiation. Photochemical reaction activity of ferric citrate was greatly affected by the initial pH of OSPW. In acidic conditions, ferric citrate exhibited an extremely high degradation ratio of classical NAs, 98.3% (initial pH 3) and 96.8% (initial pH 5). Once initial pH exceeded 5, the degradation ratio of classical NAs in OSPW decreased quickly, and the degradation ratio of classical NAs could reach 65.7% (initial pH 7) and 42.4% (without adjusting pH, initial pH 8.9), respectively. It was found that the structure of NAs had little impact on the removal efficiency of NAs. It was also confirmed through scavenger experiments and reaction mechanism study that hydroxyl radical was the dominant reactive species in the process. The study demonstrated that ferric citrate possesses excellent visible light absorption ability and the photochemical reactions of ferric citrate can produce both Fe2+ and H2O2 in situ, Fenton reagent, which non-selectively degrade NAs of OSPW.
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