4.7 Article

Tunable copper complexes with functional ligands: A promising strategy for green primary explosives

期刊

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
卷 430, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132739

关键词

Energetic materials; Crystal structure; Copper-azide; Green primary explosive

资金

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [21805008]
  2. State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology [ZDKT17-01, QNKT19-01]
  3. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2017cx10007]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Exploring alternatives to lead-containing primary explosives has always been a pressing issue in the field of energetic materials. This research synthesized four energetic coordination polymers with fascinating molecular structures confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction. The compounds showed tunable ignition performances and sensitivities, with weak interaction effectively improving their stability.
Exploring alternatives of lead-containing primary explosives (lead azide, LA; lead styphnate, LS) has always been a pressing issue in the field of energetic materials. Although some lead-free primary explosives based on tetrazole have been reported, there are no qualified products that really replace LA. In this research, four energetic coordination polymers [Cu-3(ATZ)(2)(N-3)(6)](n) (CAA-1), [Cu(ATZ)(2)(N-3)(2)](n) (CAA-2) (ATZ = 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole), [Cu-2(IMI)(N-3)(4)](n) (CIA) (IMI = imidazole) and [Cu-3(2-MAT)(2)(N-3)(6)](n) (CMA) (2-MAT = 1-methyl-5-aminotetrazole) are synthesized via a mild method. Their molecular structures are confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction with fascinating 1D, 2D, and 3D frameworks. Thermal decomposition temperatures, sensitivities and the initiation capabilities of these compounds are measured in details. The results show that weak interaction effectively improves the stability of these compounds. The tunable ignition performances (minimum primary charge as 20 mg for CAA-1, 50 mg for CIA, 15 mg for CMA) and sensitivities can be tailored by different ligands. In particular, CAA-1 possesses an acceptable (172.2 degrees C) thermal stablility, sensitivity, excellent free-flowing property and micromorphology, it is thus employed for future commercial application tests. The detonating capabilities of three typical detonators using CAA-1 to replace lead azide are tested with excellent results.

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