期刊
CELL
卷 185, 期 4, 页码 603-+出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.12.026
关键词
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资金
- Washington University Institute for Clinical and Translational Sciences grant from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [UL1TR002345]
- Australian Research Council Laureate Fellowship
- NHMRC Leadership Investigator Fellowship [1173871]
- NHMRC Emerging Leadership Level 1 Investigator Fellowship [1194036]
- ALSAC at St. Jude
- Center for Influenza Vaccine Research for High-Risk Populations (CIVR-HRP) [75N93019C00052]
- St. Jude Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance [HHSN272201400006C]
- St. Jude Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Response (P.G.T.) [75N93021C00016, U01AI150747, U01AI144616-02S1, R01AI136514]
- NIAID [U01AI150747, U01AI141990]
- NIAID Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance contracts [HHSN272201400006C, HHSN272201400008C]
- NIAID Collaborative Influenza Vaccine Innovation Centers [75N93019C00051]
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce potent immune responses, including antibodies and CD4(+) T cell responses. Research has found that vaccine-induced follicular helper CD4(+) T cell responses play a key role in establishing long-term immunity.
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines induce robust anti-spike (S) antibody and CD4(+) T cell responses. It is not yet clear whether vaccine-induced follicular helper CD4(+) T (T-FH) cell responses contribute to this outstanding immunogenicity. Using fine-needle aspiration of draining axillary lymph nodes from individuals who received the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine, we evaluated the T cell receptor sequences and phenotype of lymph node T-FH . Mining of the responding T-FH T cell receptor repertoire revealed a strikingly immunodominant HLA-DPB1*04-restricted response to S167-180 in individuals with this allele, which is among the most common HLA alleles in humans. Paired blood and lymph node specimens show that while circulating S-specific T-FH cells peak one week after the second immunization, S-specific T-FH persist at nearly constant frequencies for at least six months. Collectively, our results underscore the key role that robust T-FH cell responses play in establishing long-term immunity by this efficacious human vaccine.
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