期刊
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE
卷 67, 期 9, 页码 690-700出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/07067437211055414
关键词
mental health; addictions; incarceration; prison; correctional involvement
类别
资金
- ICES
- Mental Health and Addictions Scorecard and Evaluation Framework [04601A14-19]
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant [NTG1178027]
The study found that individuals with mental illness and addiction are prevalent in prisons, but access to and use of mental health and addiction-related care prior to and during incarceration is low. Increasing accessibility and use of related services throughout the criminal justice pathway is necessary.
Objective Individuals with mental illness and addiction are overrepresented in prisons. Few studies have assessed mental health and addiction (MHA)-related service use among individuals experiencing incarceration using health administrative data and most focus on service use after prison release. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of MHA-related service use in the 5 years prior to and during incarceration. Methods We used linked correctional and administrative health data for people released from Ontario provincial jails in 2010. MHA-related service use in the 5 years prior to the index incarceration was categorized hierarchically into four mutually exclusive categories based on the type of service use: psychiatric hospitalization, MHA-related emergency department (ED) visit, MHA-related outpatient visit (from psychiatrist or primary care physician), and no MHA-related service use. Demographic, diagnostic, and incarceration characteristics were compared across the four service use categories. MHA-related service use during the index incarceration was assessed by category and length of incarceration. Results A total of 48,917 individuals were included. Prior to incarceration, 6,116 (12.5%) had a psychiatric hospitalization, 8,837 (18.1%) had an MHA-related ED visit, and 15,866 (32.4%) had an MHA-related outpatient visit. Of the individuals with any MHA-related service prior to incarceration, 60.4% did not receive outpatient care from a psychiatrist prior to incarceration and 65.6% did not receive MHA-related care during incarceration. Conclusion Despite a high prevalence of mental illness and addiction among people experiencing incarceration, access to and use of MHA-related care prior to and during incarceration is poor. Increasing the accessibility and use of MHA-related services throughout the criminal justice pathway is warranted.
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