Effect of donor characteristics on T cell-replete haploidentical stem cell transplantation over the last 10 years at a single institution

One of the most complex issues with haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo-SCT) is donor selection, given that multiple haploidentical donors are often available for a given recipient. To develop evidence-based guidance for donor selection in the setting of anti-thymocyte globulin-based haplo-SCT, we performed a prospective cohort study of 512 patients with haematological malignancies who had haplo-SCT to determine which donor variables were most important in favouring transplant outcomes. Increasing donor age was associated with poorer overall survival (OS) [hazard ratio (HR) 1 center dot 08, P = 0 center dot 044]. Female donors to male recipients was significantly associated with higher non-relapse mortality (NRM; HR 2 center dot 05, P = 0 center dot 006). Furthermore, increasing donor age had a higher risk of Grades 3-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD; HR 1 center dot 17, P = 0 center dot 005), female donors to male recipients was associated with a higher risk of Grades 2-4 aGVHD (HR 1 center dot 50, P = 0 center dot 022). Sibling donors had superior OS, disease-free survival, and NRM than parental donors in patients aged <35 years. However, sibling donors had higher NRM than offspring donors in patients aged >= 35 years. A younger donor, usually a young sibling in younger recipients (aged <35 years) or a young offspring in older patients (aged >= 35 years) and avoiding female donors to male recipients should be preferred when multiple haploidentical donors are available.

Automated summary

In haploidentical stem cell transplantation, donor selection is crucial for transplant outcomes. The study found that increasing donor age and female donors to male recipients were associated with poorer outcomes. Choosing a younger donor and avoiding female donors to male recipients could improve the success of haplo-SCT.