期刊
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
卷 98, 期 -, 页码 161-172出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.08.225
关键词
Sex differences; Cancer; Cancer therapy; Mice; Fatigue; Inflammation
资金
- NIH [R01 CA193522, R01 NS073939]
- MD Anderson Cancer Support Grant [P30 CA016672]
There is significant variability in the expression of cancer-related fatigue, with male mice growing larger tumors and exhibiting more severe fatigue-like behavior compared to female mice. The study found that sex differences can modulate the expression of fatigue-like behavior in particular circumstances.
There is significant variability in the expression of cancer-related fatigue. Understanding the factors that account for this variation provide insight into the underlying mechanisms. One important, but often overlooked, variable is biological sex. While a few clinical studies have indicated that female patients report higher levels of fatigue, these studies are subject to potential socio-culture reporting biases. Only a limited number of preclinical studies have considered sex differences in animal model of fatigue and few have simultaneously considered both disease- and treatment-related factors. The present series of studies was initiated to address the current knowledge gap on the importance of sex differences in cancer-related fatigue. We selected a murine model of human papilloma virus-positive head and neck cancer based on heterotypic injection of the mEERL95 cell line that grows in both male and female mice and responds to a regimen of cisplatin plus irradiation. We also tested the impact of immunotherapy treatment targeting PD1. Voluntary wheel running was used to evaluate fatigue-like behavior. Male mice grew larger tumors than did female mice and showed more severe fatigue-like behavior. We confirmed that the tumor increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the liver, but no sex differences were observed. As a trend toward elevated Cd3 mRNA was observed in female mice, we tested the importance of T cells using female Rag2(-/-) mice. The Rag2(-/-) female mice had accelerated tumor growth and more severe fatigue-like behavior. In response to cisplatin alone non-tumor-bearing female mice showed a slower recovery of wheel running activity compared to males. However, in response to chemoradiation and anti-PD1 neutralizing antibody, tumor-bearing female mice showed a better tumor response to therapy than male mice, but no significant sex differences were observed for wheel running. These findings point to different mechanisms underlying tumor- and treatment-induced behavioral fatigue and indicate that the sex factor can intervene to modulate the expression of fatigue-like behavior in particular circumstances.
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