期刊
BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
卷 199, 期 2, 页码 538-556出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/boab075
关键词
anatomy; biochemistry; character analysis; character reconstruction; evolution; genetics; geography; leaf; molecular phylogenetic analysis; morphology; Neotropics; photosynthesis; phylogenetics; systematics
资金
- National Science Foundation (NSF) [1355138, 1354963]
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
- Garden Club of America Award in Tropical Botany
- NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [1702085]
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1702085, 1355138] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
The study found that CAM photosynthesis in Clusia evolved independently at least four times from a common ancestor with C-3 photosynthesis, and is highly correlated with leaf anatomical traits and habitat characteristics. Future studies on CAM expression in Clusia need to include physiological measurements to accurately assess its expression.
Clusia is a remarkable genus of Neotropical woody plants as its members engage in either C-3 photosynthesis or employ, to varying degrees, crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis. Information about the evolutionary history of CAM in Clusia is scarce. Restriction site-associated sequencing of 64 species (20% of the genus) provided strong support for most of the previously recognized nine lineages. Ancestral reconstruction using maximum parsimony or maximum likelihood under a one-rate model suggested that CAM evolved at least four times independently from a most recent common ancestor (MRCA) with C-3, whereas a maximum likelihood two-rate model suggested that CAM was already present in the MRCA followed by reversions to C-3 in several lineages. Phylogenetic generalized least square analysis assessed variation in seven leaf anatomical traits and CAM activity measured as delta C-13. Results indicate that CAM is highly correlated with palisade mesophyll layer thickness and cell size. In addition, correlation between 19 bioclimatic variables and delta C-13 was evaluated. It was found that CAM is positively correlated with habitats with a more severe dry season and greater precipitation seasonality. Since CAM is weakly and/or only periodically expressed in many Clusia spp., and thus not readily reflected in delta C-13, future analysis of phylogenetically-informed CAM expression in Clusia must include physiological measurements such as CO2 exchange and/or diel changes in leaf acidity for each species under investigation.
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