Co-fermentation of residual algal biomass and glucose under the influence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to enhance biohydrogen production under dark mode

The present study reports Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) induced enhanced hydrogen production via co-fermentation of glucose and residual algal biomass (cyanobacteria Lyngbya limnetica). A significant enhance-ment of dark fermentative H-2 production has been noticed under the influence of co-fermentation of glucose and residual algal biomass using Fe3O4 NPs as catalyst. Further, using the optimized ratio of glucose to residual algal biomass (10:4), similar to 37.14 % higher cumulative H-2 has been recorded in presence of 7.5 mg/L Fe3O4 NPs as compared to control at 37 degrees C. In addition, under the optimum conditions [glucose to residual algal biomass ratio (10:4)] presence of 7.5 mg/L Fe3O4 NPs produces similar to 937 mL/L cumulative H-2 in 168 h at pH 7.5 and at temperature 40 degrees C. Clostridum butyrium, employed for the dark fermentation yielded similar to 7.7 g/L dry biomass in 168 h whereas acetate (9.0 g/L) and butyrate (6.2 g/L) have been recorded as the dominating metabolites.

Automated summary

This study demonstrates that Fe3O4 nanoparticles can enhance hydrogen production through co-fermentation of glucose and residual algal biomass. Under optimized conditions, the presence of Fe3O4 NPs significantly increased cumulative hydrogen production, suggesting a potential method for improving biohydrogen production efficiency.