4.8 Review

Recent advances of thermochemical conversion processes for biorefinery

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Review Environmental Sciences

Lignocellulosic biomass-based pyrolysis: A comprehensive review

K. N. Yogalakshmi et al.

Summary: The article discusses the efficient application of lignocellulosic biomass for producing valuable chemicals, focusing on the pyrolysis conversion mechanism and influential parameters. It critically analyzes the environmental and economical aspects while addressing challenges and potential solutions in implementing lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis.

CHEMOSPHERE (2022)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Catalytic co-pyrolysis of microwave pretreated chili straw and polypropylene to produce hydrocarbons-rich bio-oil

Xikui Zhang et al.

Summary: This study investigated the kinetic behavior and products of the co-pyrolysis of chili straw and polypropylene under different conditions. Results showed that adding HZSM-5 increased the aromatic hydrocarbons in the product and decreased the residual mass, while microwave pretreatment at higher power levels reduced oxygenated composition and increased weight loss rate peak, with a decrease in activation energy.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Study on the mechanism of co-catalyzed pyrolysis of biomass by potassium and calcium

Xiaojie Tian et al.

Summary: The study on the pyrolysis of rice straw revealed that a certain amount of Ca benefits the distribution of K, and vice versa. During pyrolysis, Ca and K combine with silicon-aluminum compound, leading to their ineffectiveness. The formation of binary metal carbonates during pyrolysis has limited impact on the uniform distribution of catalysts, while acid-leaching makes it difficult for catalysts to be evenly distributed.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Bio-oil upgrading through hydrogen transfer reactions in supercritical solvents

Young-Kwon Park et al.

Summary: The study reviews the transfer hydrogenation method to upgrade bio-oil, focusing on the major factors affecting the process. It concludes by identifying future challenges and the requirements to make the transfer hydrogenation upgrading process commercially available.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Waste furniture gasification using rice husk based char catalysts for enhanced hydrogen generation

Abid Farooq et al.

Summary: This study explores the production of biohydrogen from waste furniture through catalytic steam gasification with bio-char catalysts. It found that raw bio-char showed the highest H-2 selectivity in the gasification experiment, indicating its potential as a solution for eco-friendly hydrogen production.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Thermodynamics

Co-hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge and lignocellulosic biomass: Fuel properties and heavy metal transformation behaviour of hydrochars

Xiaoluan Lu et al.

Summary: The addition of lignocellulosic biomass reduced the release of heavy metals and potential ecological risks. Hydrochar derived from co-HTC had higher fuel ratio and high HHV, with safer and more stable combustion behavior compared to that derived from SS.

ENERGY (2021)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Gasification of refuse-derived fuel from municipal solid waste for energy production: a review

Yan Yang et al.

Summary: Dwindling fossil fuels and improper waste management are major challenges due to increasing population and industrialization. Refuse-derived fuel gasification is a key technology that can help reduce CO2 emissions and decrease the amount of solid waste being sent to landfills. Co-gasification using two feedstocks shows potential benefits over conventional gasification, with lower tar formation and improved process efficiency.

ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Drop-in fuel production with plastic waste pyrolysis oil over catalytic separation

Shuang Wang et al.

Summary: In this experiment, plastic pyrolysis oil was upgraded catalytically using different catalysts in a 2-kg pyrolysis oil separation system, producing light, middle, and heavy oil fractions. Among the catalysts, Ni-based catalyst exhibited the highest deoxygenation capacity and was most suitable for producing diesel-like fractions.
Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Progress in microwave pyrolysis conversion of agricultural waste to value-added biofuels: A batch to continuous approach

Shengbo Ge et al.

Summary: Microwave pyrolysis is a promising technique for converting agricultural wastes into biofuels. However, challenges remain in continuous production and there is a need for further research in microwave heating, product yield, and reactor design. Despite these challenges, microwave valorization offers environmental and economic benefits as an alternative energy generation route.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Agricultural Engineering

Bioprocessing of waste biomass for sustainable product development and minimizing environmental impact

Zeba Usmani et al.

Summary: The growing concerns over biomass waste have led to discussions on their sustainable utilization for energy generation and production of value-added products; Biotechnological advancements have provided important avenues for green pretreatment and conversion of waste materials, but the environmental impact and overall cost optimization remain crucial considerations.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Spent lithium-ion battery materials recycling for catalytic pyrolysis or gasification of biomass

Liang Chen et al.

Summary: This research found that the spent Li-ion battery cathode (BC) displayed excellent catalytic effects in biomass pyrolysis, particularly when added using the two-step method. The two-step method significantly reduced the decomposition temperature and activation energy, positively impacting the conversion products of biomass.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Biomass gasification in a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier: Optimization of operating conditions

Reza Jahromi et al.

Summary: A CFD model was developed for biomass gasification in a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier, with sugarcane bagasse used as feedstock. The study identified optimal operating conditions, such as S/A ratio of 0.67 and inlet velocity of 20 m/s, to maximize syngas yield and conversion efficiency, while increasing preheating temperature of air/steam and decreasing biomass moisture content had positive impacts on the gasification process. Maximum conversion efficiency reached 69.14% under the optimum conditions.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE (2021)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Thermochemical conversion of agroforestry biomass and solid waste using decentralized and mobile systems for renewable energy and products

Kang Kang et al.

Summary: This paper discusses the importance of developing decentralized and mobile biomass thermochemical conversion systems to meet the energy needs of rural residents in developing countries and remote communities. It also examines the potential of various biomass and non-biomass waste streams for co-processing, summarizes the latest progress in pretreatment technologies, conversion pathways, product separation, and purification. Additionally, it highlights the challenges in future research and development, including systems integration, simplifications, and the development of cost-effective catalysts.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Progress in the torrefaction technology for upgrading oil palm wastes to energy-dense biochar: A review

Peter Nai Yuh Yek et al.

Summary: The use of biofuels as renewable energy sources is gaining momentum due to growing health and environmental concerns related to fossil energy consumption. Among different thermochemical conversion routes, torrefaction technology stands out as an efficient method to produce co-firing biofuel with low conversion losses. Integration of microwave technology has shown promise in enhancing the efficiency of torrefaction processes, leading to higher production rates and better heat transfer.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Synergistic effects of metallic Fe and other homogeneous/heterogeneous catalysts in hydrothermal liquefaction of woody biomass

Bojun Zhao et al.

Summary: The study demonstrates that metallic iron can increase bio-oil yield and promote hydrodeoxygenation. Noticeable synergistic effects were found with mixed additives of Fe and alkali catalyst or FeS, with Fe + Na2CO3 achieving the highest bio-oil yield and energy recovery. The combination of Fe + Ru/C produced bio-oil with the highest HHV and lowest oxygenated compounds.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

A comparative study of machine learning methods for bio-oil yield prediction-A genetic algorithm-based features selection

Zahid Ullah et al.

Summary: A novel genetic algorithm-based feature selection approach was used in this study to predict bio-oil yield using four different machine learning methods. The findings suggested that Random Forest model performed the best and was able to reliably predict bio-oil yield. The research provided new insights into the pyrolysis process of biomass and offered a new approach to improve bio-oil yield.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Gasification operational characteristics of 20-tons-Per-Day rice husk fluidized-bed reactor

Sung Jin Park et al.

Summary: Converting rice husk into energy through gasification is a promising method for generating renewable energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Research has shown that under specific gasification conditions, tar in the produced gas can be efficiently removed and used to drive gas engines.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Characteristics of fractionated drop-in liquid fuel of plastic wastes from a commercial pyrolysis plant

Doyeon Lee et al.

Summary: Pyrolysis is an effective waste conversion technology to address the global plastic waste issue, with a focus on diesel-grade pyrolysis fuel that has high calorific value and low viscosity, similar to petroleum fuels. After the oil separation process, the chemical composition of the fuel is improved, leading to reduced CO2 emissions.

WASTE MANAGEMENT (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Biochar-driven simplification of the compositions of cellulose-pyrolysis-derived biocrude oil coupled with the promotion of hydrogen generation

Chenxi Wang et al.

Summary: The study found that using biochar can weaken the generation of common compounds in biocrude oil from cellulose pyrolysis, while promoting the formation of phenol and alkylphenols, and favoring the formation of hydrogen. After multiple reuse cycles, the biochar remained active in promoting the generation of hydrogen and monomeric phenols.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2021)

Article Energy & Fuels

Advanced approach for catalytic decomposition of tar: Electrically heated catalyst system

Il-Ho Choi et al.

Summary: The study utilized an electrically heating catalyst system for the catalytic steam reforming of tars, showing fast start-up and shutdown advantages. Results indicated high carbon conversion and gas productivity in benzene steam reforming using the EHC system, which proved to be an effective method for controlling coke formation.

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING AND PROCESSING-PROCESS INTENSIFICATION (2021)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review on ammonia, ammonia-hydrogen and ammonia-methane fuels

Wai Siong Chai et al.

Summary: The combustion of fuels for energy generation is crucial for human activities, but it results in emissions that cause environmental complications and health risks. The replacement of conventional fuels for zero carbon emission is important, with ammonia offering advantages over hydrogen as a carbon-free fuel, but facing challenges such as low burning velocity and high emissions. Therefore, the study of secondary fuels like hydrogen and methane to assist ammonia combustion is essential.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2021)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Optimization of Hydrolysis-Acidogenesis Phase of Swine Manure for Biogas Production Using Two-Stage Anaerobic Fermentation

Chiu-Yue Lin et al.

Summary: Through response surface methodology, the optimization of operational period and initial operational pH for hydrolysis and acidogenesis of swine manure at 35 degrees C in batch operation mode was conducted. The optimal condition resulted in peak volatile acid production, methane production rate, and methane yield. The two-stage anaerobic system showed higher biogas production efficiency compared to a single-stage system, with similar dominant methane-producing species.

PROCESSES (2021)

Article Environmental Sciences

Hydrothermal and Steam Explosion Pretreatment of Bambusa stenostachya Bamboo

Ngan Hue Dai et al.

Summary: Various pretreatment techniques were used on bamboo biomass to improve hydrolysis rates, with sulfuric acid treatment showing higher efficiency compared to sodium hydroxide. Specific conditions of treatment significantly increased the hydrolysis yield, with immersion in sulfuric acid before steam explosion at a higher temperature showing the highest efficiency.

WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION (2021)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Catalytic combustion performances, kinetics, reaction mechanisms and gas emissions of Lentinus edodes

Huihuang Zou et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Energy & Fuels

Co-gasification of high ash Indian coal-biomass blends in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasifier

Sudipta Datta et al.

BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY (2020)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Syngas production from biomass pyrolysis in a continuous microwave assisted pyrolysis system

Nan Zhou et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Biodiesel synthesis from swine manure

Minyoung Kim et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Fuel, thermal and surface properties of microwave-pyrolyzed biochars depend on feedstock type and pyrolysis temperature

Christopher Nzediegwu et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Co-gasification of high ash biomass and high ash coal in downdraft gasifier

Sonal K. Thengane et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Thermogravimetric and kinetic studies of metal (Ru/Fe) impregnated banana pseudo-stem (Musa acuminate)

Ashutosh Kumar et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Estimating biomass major chemical constituents from ultimate analysis using a random forest model

Jiangkuan Xing et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Review Agricultural Engineering

Hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass for carbon rich material preparation: A review

Tanveer Ahmed Khan et al.

BIOMASS & BIOENERGY (2019)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Catalytic pyrolysis of soda lignin over zeolites using pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Adarsh Kumar et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Sustainable valorization of food wastes into solid fuel by hydrothermal carbonization

Koray Akarsu et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2019)

Article Energy & Fuels

Air gasification of digestate and its co-gasification with residual biomass in a pilot scale rotary kiln

C. Freda et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (2019)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Revamping downdraft gasifier to minimize clinker formation for high-ash garden waste as feedstock

Haseen Siddiqui et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2018)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Co-gasification of pine and oak biochar with sub-bituminous coal in carbon dioxide

E. Beagle et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2018)

Article Agricultural Engineering

A novel two-stage biomass gasification concept: Design and operation of a 1.5 MWth demonstration plant

Haipeng Pei et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2018)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Co-hydrothermal carbonization of food waste-woody biomass blend towards biofuel pellets production

Tengfei Wang et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2018)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review on hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass

A. R. K. Gollakota et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2018)

Review Thermodynamics

Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis mechanism: A state-of-the-art review

Shurong Wang et al.

PROGRESS IN ENERGY AND COMBUSTION SCIENCE (2017)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Synergistic combination of biomass torrefaction and co-gasification: Reactivity studies

Yan Zhang et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2017)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Evaluation of different water-washing treatments effects on wheat straw combustion properties

Qiulin Ma et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2017)

Article Thermodynamics

Hydrothermal treatment of biomass for energy and chemicals

Masa Knez Hrncic et al.

ENERGY (2016)

Review Chemistry, Multidisciplinary

Production and utilization of biochar: A review

Jin Sun Cha et al.

JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY (2016)

Article Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

Strategies for selection of thermo-chemical processes for the valorisation of biomass

Rawel Singh et al.

RENEWABLE ENERGY (2016)

Article Chemistry, Applied

Investigation into co-gasifying Indian coal and biomass in a down draft gasifier - Experiments and analysis

Monikankana Sharma et al.

FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY (2015)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

Characteristic evolution of hydrochar from hydrothermal carbonization of corn stalk

Shuqing Guo et al.

JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS (2015)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A comparative review of biochar and hydrochar in terms of production, physico-chemical properties and applications

Harpreet Singh Kambo et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2015)

Article Energy & Fuels

Hydrothermal carbonization of various lignocellulosic biomass

Joan G. Lynam et al.

BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY (2015)

Article Economics

Woody biomass energy potential in 2050

Pekka Lauri et al.

ENERGY POLICY (2014)

Article Agricultural Engineering

Catalytic pyrolysis of mandarin residue from the mandarin juice processing industry

Jeong Wook Kim et al.

BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY (2013)

Article Thermodynamics

Performance of entrained flow and fluidised bed biomass gasifiers on different scales

Alexander Tremel et al.

ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT (2013)

Review Green & Sustainable Science & Technology

A review on process conditions for optimum bio-oil yield in hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass

Javaid Akhtar et al.

RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS (2011)

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Synthesis of transportation fuels from biomass: Chemistry, catalysts, and engineering

George W. Huber et al.

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