期刊
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
卷 145, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112243
关键词
COVID-19; IL-6; D-dimer; Cytokine storm; Coagulopathy; Immuno-modulation; Beta glucans; Adjunct treatment
资金
- Loyola-ICAM College of Engineering and Technology (LICET)
This pilot clinical study demonstrated the beneficial effects of beta glucans derived from black yeast Aureobasidium pullulans on cytokine storm and coagulopathy biomarkers in COVID-19 patients. The combination of AFO-202 and N-163 beta glucans showed significant improvements in D-Dimer and IL-6 levels, as well as CD4+ and CD8+ T cell count. Larger multicentric clinical studies are recommended to further validate these findings for potential use in managing COVID-19 and long COVID-19 syndrome.
Objective: In this pilot clinical study, we report the beneficial effects of beta glucans derived from two strains AFO-202 and N-163 of a black yeast Aureobasidium pullulans on the biomarkers for cytokine storm and coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients. Methods: A total of 24 RT-PCR positive COVID-19 patients were recruited and randomly divided into three groups (Gr): Gr. 1 control (n = 8) - Standard treatment; Gr. 2: Standard treatment + AFO-202 beta glucan (n = 8); and Gr. 3, Standard treatment + combination of AFO-202 and N-163 beta glucans (n = 8) for 30 days. Results: There was no mortality or requirement of ventilation of the subjects in any of the groups. There was a decrease in D-Dimer values (751 ng/ml to 143.89 ng/ml) and IL-6 values (7.395-3.16 pg/ml) in Gr. 1 in 15 days but the levels increased to abnormal levels on day 30 (D-Dimer: 202.5 ng/ml; IL-6 55.37 pg/ml); which steadily decreased up to day 30 in groups 2 (D-dimer: 560.99 ng/dl to 79.615; IL-6: 26.18-3.41 pg/ml) and 3 (D-dimer: 1614 ng/dl to 164.25 ng/dl; IL-6: 6.25-0.5 pg/ml). The same trend was observed with ESR. LCR and LeCR increased while NLR decreased significantly in Gr. 3. CD4 + and CD8 + T cell count showed relatively higher increase in Gr.3. There was no difference in CRP within the groups. Conclusion: As these beta glucans are well known food supplements with a track record for safety, larger multicentric clinical studies are recommended to validate their use as an adjunct in the management of COVID-19 and the ensuing long COVID-19 syndrome.
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