期刊
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
卷 1867, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166244
关键词
Placenta; Viral infections; Pregnancy; Syncytiotrophoblast; Immune cells; Barrier function; Zika virus; Human immunodeficiency virus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
This review focuses on the impact of viral infections on the placental barrier and the consequences for fetal growth and development. It specifically discusses how Zika, HIV, and SARS-CoV2 affect pregnant women and their offspring, laying the groundwork for developing therapeutics for emerging viruses.
The placenta provides a significant physical and physiological barrier to prevent fetal infection during pregnancy. Nevertheless, it is at times breached by pathogens and leads to vertical transmission of infection from mother to fetus. This review will focus specifically on the Zika flavivirus, the HIV retrovirus and the emerging SARS-CoV2 coronavirus, which have affected pregnant women and their offspring in recent epidemics. In particular, we will address how viral infections affect the immune response at the maternal-fetal interface and how the placental barrier is physically breached and discuss the consequences of infection on various aspects of placental function to support fetal growth and development. Improved understanding of how the placenta responds to viral infections will lay the foundation for developing therapeutics to these and emergent viruses, to minimise the harms of infection to the offspring.
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