期刊
BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
卷 49, 期 6, 页码 2797-2805出版社
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/BST20210777
关键词
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资金
- Italian Foundation for Multiple Sclerosis
Mammalian females silence transcription on one of the X chromosomes to compensate the expression dosage with males. X-chromosome inactivation involves various epigenetic modifications to maintain silencing and make it heritable. Despite genes on the inactive X chromosome being refractory to reactivation, reactivation can occur alongside epigenome reprogramming or by perturbing silencing pathways.
Mammalian females (XX) silence transcription on one of the two X chromosomes to compensate the expression dosage with males (XY). This process - named X-chromosome inactivation - entails a variety of epigenetic modifications that act synergistically to maintain silencing and make it heritable through cell divisions. Genes along the inactive X chromosome are, indeed, refractory to reactivation. Nonetheless, X-chromosome reactivation can occur alongside with epigenome reprogramming or by perturbing multiple silencing pathways. Here we review the events associated with X-chromosome reactivation during in vivo and in vitro reprogramming and highlight recent efforts in inducing Xi reactivation by molecular perturbations. This provides us with a first understanding of the mechanisms underlying X-chromosome reactivation, which could be tackled for thera
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