4.6 Article

Antimicrobial mechanism of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid on Listeria monocytogenes membrane and virulence

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出版社

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.096

关键词

4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid; Listeria monocytogenes; Cell membrane; Virulence factors

资金

  1. General Program of the Natural Sciences Foundation of Liaoning [20180550428]
  2. Dalian High-level Personnel of Innovation Support Program [2018RQ41]
  3. Open Funding Project of State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism [MMLKF20-09]

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4-HPCA inhibits the growth and proliferation of L. monocytogenes in a dose-dependent manner by affecting cell membrane structure and function, as well as decreasing the expression of virulence genes, which may lead to cell death.
4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPCA) is the major intestinal metabolite of kaempferol and polymeric proanthocyanidins whereas the effect of 4-HPCA on Listeria monocytogenes remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of action of 4-HPCA on the highly lethal foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Our results indicated that 4-HPCA inhibited L. monocytogenes growth and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. In particular, L. monocytogenes displayed negligible growth or proliferation after 4-HPCA treatment (15.61 mM) for 24 h. The impact of 4-HPCA on cell membrane structure and function was investigated in terms of fluorometric cell membrane integrity, zeta potential and relative electrical conductivity. We observed an approximately 15 % fluorescence reduction in the cell membrane after MIC treatment. The zeta potential of the bacteria shifted significantly from-49.74 to-43.70 mV,-36.65 mV and-37.97 mV after treatment with 4-HPCA at the MIC for 0 h, 3 h and 12 h, respectively. The absolute value of the relative electrical conductivities increased significantly following 3 h, 6 h, 9 h and 15 h of 4-HPCA treatment at the MIC level. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that cells treated with 4-HPCA displayed a wrinkled morphology and irregular shapes. Moreover, 4-HPCA obviously decreased the expression of three virulence genes (hlyA, prfA, and inlA) in L. monocytogenes after 12 h of treatment. All these results verified that 4-HPCA, as an effective antibacterial compound against L. monocytogenes, could cause cell death through cell membrane damage and decrease the expression of three virulence factors. (c) 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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