期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 923, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac29b7
关键词
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资金
- German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF)
- Max Planck Society
- German Research Foundation (DFG)
- Helmholtz Association
- Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
- French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS/IN2P3)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS/INSU)
- Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA)
- U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- National Science Centre, Poland [2016/22/M/ST9/00382]
- South African Department of Science and Technology
- National Research Foundation
- University of Namibia
- National Commission on Research, Science & Technology of Namibia (NCRST)
- Austrian Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF)
- Australian Research Council (ARC)
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
- University of Amsterdam
- German BMBF
- German MPG
- German HGF
- Italian INFN
- Italian INAF
- Swiss National Fund SNF
- ERDF under the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) [PID2019-104114RB-C31, PID2019-104114RB-C32, PID2019-104114RB-C33, PID2019-105510GB-C31, PID2019-107847RB-C41, PID2019-107847RB-C42, PID2019-107988GB-C22]
- Indian Department of Atomic Energy
- Japanese ICRR
- Japanese University of Tokyo
- Japanese JSPS
- Japanese MEXT
- Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, National RI Roadmap Project [DO1-268/16.12.2019]
- Academy of Finland [320045]
- Spanish Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2016-0588, CEX2019-000920-S]
- Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu [CEX2019-000918-M, MDM-2015-0509-18-2]
- CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya
- Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project [IP-2016-06-9782]
- University of Rijeka Project [13.12.1.3.02]
- DFG Collaborative Research Centers [SFB823/C4, SFB876/C3]
- Polish National Research Centre grant [UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00382]
- Brazilian MCTIC
- Brazilian CNPq
- Brazilian FAPERJ
- U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science
- U.S. National Science Foundation
- Smithsonian Institution
- NSERC in Canada
- Helmholtz Association in Germany
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
- ESA Member States
- NASA
- [PGC2018-095512-B-I00]
- [SGR2017-1383]
- [AYA2017-92402-EXP]
The gamma-ray observations of the binary system HESS J0632 + 057 over a 15-year period from 2004 to 2019 show significant modulation in very high-energy gamma-ray fluxes with a period of 316.7 +/- 4.4 days. Short-timescale variability with flux-decay timescales of less than 20 days at high energies was observed. The correlation between X-ray and gamma-ray emissions was confirmed, but no correlation was found between optical H alpha parameters and fluxes at X-ray or gamma-ray energies.
The results of gamma-ray observations of the binary system HESS J0632 + 057 collected during 450 hr over 15 yr, between 2004 and 2019, are presented. Data taken with the atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS at energies above 350 GeV were used together with observations at X-ray energies obtained with Swift-XRT, Chandra, XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and Suzaku. Some of these observations were accompanied by measurements of the H alpha emission line. A significant detection of the modulation of the very high-energy gamma-ray fluxes with a period of 316.7 +/- 4.4 days is reported, consistent with the period of 317.3 +/- 0.7 days obtained with a refined analysis of X-ray data. The analysis of data from four orbital cycles with dense observational coverage reveals short-timescale variability, with flux-decay timescales of less than 20 days at very high energies. Flux variations observed over a timescale of several years indicate orbit-to-orbit variability. The analysis confirms the previously reported correlation of X-ray and gamma-ray emission from the system at very high significance, but cannot find any correlation of optical H alpha parameters with fluxes at X-ray or gamma-ray energies in simultaneous observations. The key finding is that the emission of HESS J0632 + 057 in the X-ray and gamma-ray energy bands is highly variable on different timescales. The ratio of gamma-ray to X-ray flux shows the equality or even dominance of the gamma-ray energy range. This wealth of new data is interpreted taking into account the insufficient knowledge of the ephemeris of the system, and discussed in the context of results reported on other gamma-ray binary systems.
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