Confocal Raman data analysis of tufts and spindles at the human dentin-enamel junction

Objective: The aim of this article is to analyze the chemical mapping of tufts and spindles of the human dental enamel using confocal Raman microscopy measuring length, structuration and composition of spindles and tufts. Design: we used Raman diffusion, based on the interaction between photons and optic phonons, to reveal chemical bound. Adult molars were selected and longitudinally sectioned. Areas of 120 * 120 um were scanned near the dentin-enamel junction and grooves. Spectra were collected and phosphate and proteins peak intensities images were reconstructed, related to HPA concentration. Images of Phosphate (PO43-, 960 cm-1) and protein (CH, 2800/3000 cm-1) intensities have been reconstructed. K-mean cluster has been calculated to compare centroid spectra from enamel, dentin and tuft or spindle. Results: intensity profile revealed spindles as less mineralized areas than enamel, from 5 to 10 mu m large. In the groove of molar, long tufts were found, more than 150 mu m. Conclusions: Confocal Raman microscopy is a very interesting tool to characterize chemically secondary structure of enamel. The size of a tuft in the groove allows us make the hypothesis that they could play a role in long term resilience of mechanical stress.

Automated summary

This study utilized confocal Raman microscopy to analyze the chemical distribution of tufts and spindles in human dental enamel, revealing that spindles are less mineralized than enamel and tufts in the groove may play a role in long term resilience against mechanical stress.