4.7 Review

A Review on Applications of CFD Modeling in COVID-19 Pandemic

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Article Environmental Sciences

The role of air conditioning in the diffusion of Sars-CoV-2 in indoor environments: A first computational fluid dynamic model, based on investigations performed at the Vatican State Children's hospital

Luca Borro et al.

Summary: The study utilized CFD simulations to analyze the role of HVAC systems in infection transmission, demonstrating that HVAC systems accelerate the spread of infected droplets in indoor environments. Proper use of Local Exhaust Ventilation systems (LEV) in hospital rooms significantly reduces the spread of droplets from the patient's mouth, decreasing the risk of contagion.

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Article Biophysics

A computational simulation platform for designing real-time monitoring systems with application to COVID-19

Fatemeh Shahbazi et al.

Summary: A new competitive numerical platform for designing microfluidic-integrated biosensors has been developed, allowing for modifications of various properties to design specific biosensors for point-of-care applications. Validation against experimental data and analysis of design parameters have highlighted the importance of optimization in enhancing biosensor performance.

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Article Construction & Building Technology

Numerical Study of Three Ventilation Strategies in a prefabricated COVID-19 inpatient ward

Juan Ren et al.

Summary: This study analyzed three typical ventilation strategies in a prefabricated double-patient ward using computational fluid dynamics, identifying the different behaviors of particles in airflow and suggesting targeted cleaning in prefabricated wards.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2021)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 by asymptomatic individuals under different practical settings

Siyao Shao et al.

Summary: The lack of quantitative risk assessment of airborne transmission of COVID-19 under practical settings leads to uncertainties and inconsistencies in preventive measures. Ventilation design is critical for reducing the risk of particle encounters, inappropriate design can create hot spots with higher risks and enhance particle deposition causing surface contamination. Faceted particles from normal breathing are correlated with breathing depth.

JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

COVID-19 spread in a classroom equipped with partition-A CFD approach

Mahshid Mirzaie et al.

Summary: This study investigated the motion and distribution of droplets containing coronaviruses emitted by coughing of an infected person in front of a classroom using CFD. Results showed that seat partitions can prevent infection to a certain extent. Increasing ventilation airflow speeds can accelerate droplets in the airflow direction, reducing trapping time by solid barriers.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2021)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Mitigating COVID-19 infection disease transmission in indoor environment using physical barriers

Chen Ren et al.

Summary: This study investigates the impact of barrier heights on reducing the spread of aerosol particles in an open office environment, finding that a barrier height of at least 60 cm is needed to effectively prevent virus transmission. For workstations within 4 meters from the outlet, a barrier height of 70 cm is recommended, with proper ventilation, the barriers can reduce the infection risk by 72%.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2021)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Transport and Fate of Virus-Laden Particles in a Supermarket: Recommendations for Risk Reduction of COVID-19 Spreading

Fangda Cui et al.

Summary: The study using numerical simulations found that indoor airflow significantly enhances the transport of particles in sizes of 5 and 20 micrometers. It is recommended to increase baffles to reduce airborne particle transmission and to install high-efficiency air filters in ventilation systems to decrease the risk of infection.

JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (2021)

Article Engineering, Multidisciplinary

Modeling airborne pathogen transport and transmission risks of SARS-CoV-2

Clifford K. Ho

Summary: An integrated modeling approach has been developed to understand the impact of different expiratory and environmental factors on airborne pathogen transmission, using computational fluid dynamics to simulate aerosol concentrations, quantify exposure risks, and determine infection probability. This approach can help identify the most important parameters impacting transmission.

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High-Fidelity Simulation of Pathogen Propagation, Transmission and Mitigation in the Built Environment

Rainald Lohner et al.

Summary: This paper provides an overview of high-fidelity modeling of pathogen propagation, transmission and mitigation in the built environment, emphasizing the importance of deriving physical and numerical models based on current understanding of pathogen transmission and mitigation. The sophisticated simulations offer a significant leap in accuracy, especially in considering pathogen propagation via aerosols in the presence of moving pedestrians.

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Investigating the effect of air conditioning on the distribution and transmission of COVID-19 virus particles

Mahdi Ahmadzadeh et al.

Summary: The study investigated the effect of indoor airflow on the distribution and transmission of droplets emitted by an infected person during speaking and coughing in a classroom. Results showed that air conditioning and opening windows near the infected person significantly reduced environmental pathogens, with a recommendation to keep windows open in indoor environments, especially next to the speaker.

JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION (2021)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Methodology for risk assessment of COVID-19 pandemic propagation

Maria Portarapillo et al.

Summary: This study introduces a methodology for risk analysis of virus spread by modeling bioaerosol dispersion and calculating contact event probabilities. Measures taken at different phases can limit the number of close contacts, reducing the risk of COVID-19 transmission.

JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES (2021)

Article Engineering, Biomedical

A novel reusable anti-COVID-19 transparent face respirator with optimized airflow

Hussain Alenezi et al.

Summary: This innovative face mask is designed to reduce the probability of virus particles inhalation with a novel air filtration pathway, using transparent material for lip-reading and silicone seal to prevent bypass of filters. The design, optimized through numerical studies and simulation software, achieved higher efficiency in trapping virus particles against filter walls.

BIO-DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING (2021)

Editorial Material Critical Care Medicine

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor: molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic target

Haibo Zhang et al.

INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE (2020)

Letter Medicine, General & Internal

SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Upper Respiratory Specimens of Infected Patients

Lirong Zou et al.

NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE (2020)

Editorial Material Engineering, Chemical

What aerosol physics tells us about airborne pathogen transmission

Yannis Drossinos et al.

AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Editorial Material Engineering, Chemical

The coronavirus pandemic and aerosols: Does COVID-19 transmit via expiratory particles?

Sima Asadi et al.

AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (2020)

Article Chemistry, Analytical

The role of sampling in wearable sweat sensors

Conghui Liu et al.

TALANTA (2020)

Editorial Material Environmental Sciences

Airborne Transmission Route of COVID-19: Why 2 Meters/6 Feet of Inter-Personal Distance Could Not Be Enough

Leonardo Setti et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Editorial Material Medicine, General & Internal

How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic?

Roy M. Anderson et al.

LANCET (2020)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

Aerodynamic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in two Wuhan hospitals

Yuan Liu et al.

NATURE (2020)

Article Mechanics

On coughing and airborne droplet transmission to humans

Talib Dbouk et al.

PHYSICS OF FLUIDS (2020)

Article Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications

Detailed simulation of viral propagation in the built environment

Rainald Lohner et al.

COMPUTATIONAL MECHANICS (2020)

Article Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications

A novel CFD analysis to minimize the spread of COVID-19 virus in hospital isolation room

Suvanjan Bhattacharyya et al.

CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS (2020)

Editorial Material Biochemistry & Molecular Biology

Harmless Effects of Sterilizing 222-nm far-UV Radiation on Mouse Skin and Eye Tissues

Jean Cadet

PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY (2020)

Article Mechanics

Sneezing and asymptomatic virus transmission

Giacomo Busco et al.

PHYSICS OF FLUIDS (2020)

Article Mechanics

On respiratory droplets and face masks

Talib Dbouk et al.

PHYSICS OF FLUIDS (2020)

Article Environmental Sciences

Impact of HVAC-Systems on the Dispersion of Infectious Aerosols in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit

Larisa Anghel et al.

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH (2020)

Review Environmental Sciences

The role of computational fluid dynamics tools on investigation of pathogen transmission: Prevention and control

Shanbi Peng et al.

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT (2020)

Article Construction & Building Technology

The efficacy of social distance and ventilation effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 transmission

Chanjuan Sun et al.

SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND SOCIETY (2020)

Letter Immunology

COVID-19 Outbreak Associated with Air Conditioning in Restaurant, Guangzhou, China, 2020

Jianyun Lu et al.

EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES (2020)

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Beating the reaction limits of biosensor sensitivity with dynamic tracking of single binding events

Derin Sevenler et al.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (2019)

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Far-UVC light: A new tool to control the spread of airborne-mediated microbial diseases

David Welch et al.

SCIENTIFIC REPORTS (2018)

Proceedings Paper Construction & Building Technology

Numerical Simulation of Coughed Droplets in Conference Room

Yixian Zhang et al.

10TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HEATING, VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING, ISHVAC2017 (2017)

Article Engineering, Electrical & Electronic

Recent Progress in AlGaN-Based Deep-UV LEDs

Hideki Hirayama et al.

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN (2015)

Article Mechanics

Violent expiratory events: on coughing and sneezing

Lydia Bourouiba et al.

JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS (2014)

Article Construction & Building Technology

CFD analysis of the human exhalation flow using different boundary conditions and ventilation strategies

J. M. Villafruela et al.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2013)

Article Architecture

Simulation-based feasibility study of improved air conditioning systems for hospital operating room

Zhiqiang (John) Zhain et al.

FRONTIERS OF ARCHITECTURAL RESEARCH (2013)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Risk assessment of airborne infectious diseases in aircraft cabins

Jitendra K. Gupta et al.

INDOOR AIR (2012)

Article Environmental Sciences

Quantity and Size Distribution of Cough-Generated Aerosol Particles Produced by Influenza Patients During and After Illness

William G. Lindsley et al.

JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE (2012)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Inhalation of expiratory droplets in aircraft cabins

J. K. Gupta et al.

INDOOR AIR (2011)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Modality of human expired aerosol size distributions

G. R. Johnson et al.

JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE (2011)

Review Infectious Diseases

The role of particle size in aerosolised pathogen transmission: A review

Jan Gralton et al.

JOURNAL OF INFECTION (2011)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Characterizing exhaled airflow from breathing and talking

Jitendra K. Gupta et al.

INDOOR AIR (2010)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Flow dynamics and characterization of a cough

J. K. Gupta et al.

INDOOR AIR (2009)

Article Respiratory System

The Mechanism of Breath Aerosol Formation

Graham Richard Johnson et al.

JOURNAL OF AEROSOL MEDICINE AND PULMONARY DRUG DELIVERY (2009)

Article Engineering, Chemical

Characterization of expiration air jets and droplet size distributions immediately at the mouth opening

C. Y. H. Chao et al.

JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE (2009)

Article Engineering, Environmental

Numerical modeling of exhaled droplet nuclei dispersion and mixing in indoor environments

K. W. Mui et al.

JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (2009)

Article Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

The ventilation of multiple-bed hospital wards: Review and analysis

Clive B. Beggs et al.

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL (2008)

Article Thermodynamics

Optimal sensor placement for airborne contaminant detection in an aircraft cabin

Tengfei Zhang et al.

HVAC&R RESEARCH (2007)

Review Public, Environmental & Occupational Health

Factors involved in the aerosol transmission of infection and control of ventilation in healthcare premises

J. W. Tang et al.

JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION (2006)

Article Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems

Cough frequency, cough sensitivity and health status in patients with chronic cough

Surinder S. Birring et al.

RESPIRATORY MEDICINE (2006)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

An aluminium nitride light-emitting diode with a wavelength of 210 nanometres

Y Taniyasu et al.

NATURE (2006)

Article Construction & Building Technology

Transient CFD simulation of the respiration process and inter-person exposure assessment

Naiping Gao et al.

BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT (2006)