The Role of Cytochrome P450s in Insect Toxicology and Resistance

Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) perform a variety of important physiological functions, but it is their role in the detoxification of xenobiotics, such as natural and synthetic insecticides, that is the topic of this review. Recent advances in insect genomics and postgenomic functional approaches have provided an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution of insect P450s and their role in insect toxicology. These approaches have also been harnessed to provide new insights into the genomic alterations that lead to insecticide resistance, the mechanisms by which P450s are regulated, and the functional determinants of P450-mediated insecticide resistance. In parallel, an emerging body of work on the role of P450s in defining the sensitivity of beneficial insects to insecticides has been developed. The knowledge gained from these studies has applications for the management of P450-mediated resistance in insect pests and can be leveraged to safeguard the health of important beneficial insects.

Automated summary

Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) play important physiological roles and are particularly involved in the detoxification of xenobiotics. Recent advances in insect genomics and functional approaches have shed light on the evolution of insect P450s, their regulation mechanisms, and the genetic alterations leading to insecticide resistance. Additionally, studies on the sensitivity of beneficial insects to insecticides have provided valuable knowledge for managing P450-mediated resistance and safeguarding their health.