The mitochondrial DNA control region sequences from the Chinese sui population of southwestern China

Background Sui people are officially recognised people living in southwest China, but there has been a lack of genetic research, especially based on mitochondrial DNA data. Aim To study the sequences and haplogroups of the mitochondrial DNA control region in a typical Sui population, with the aim of helping to promote the establishment of a forensic DNA analysis reference database in East Asia. Subjects and methods We analysed 201 Sui individuals and observed the sequences of the mitochondrial DNA control region. We calculated and explained the haplotype frequencies, haplogroup distribution and pairwise Fst values between the Sui and 47 other populations in the world, in order to explore genetic polymorphisms and population relationships. Results 161 haplotypes were found in the Sui population, with frequencies of 0.0049-0.0199. All samples were assigned to 80 different haplogroups. The haplotype diversity and random matching probability were 0.999938 and 0.024729, respectively. The pairwise Fst values and correlation p-values of 48 populations showed that the Sui population was most closely related to the Miao population in Guizhou and the Han population in Henan, and closer to the Punjab population and Pukhtunkhwa population in Pakistan, and was significantly different from the other 43 groups. Compared with the other 43 groups, it is relatively isolated. Conclusion Our results show that the study of mitochondrial DNA based on the analysis of matrilineal genetic structure of the Sui population can help to promote the establishment of a forensic DNA reference database in East Asia and provide reference for future anthropological research.

Automated summary

The study analyzed the mitochondrial DNA control region in a typical Sui population, identifying 161 haplotypes and assigning samples to 80 different haplogroups. The Sui population was found to be most closely related to the Miao population in Guizhou and the Han population in Henan, as well as the Punjab and Pukhtunkhwa populations in Pakistan, and significantly differed from 43 other populations, indicating relative isolation. These findings can help establish a forensic DNA reference database in East Asia and provide insight for future anthropological research.