Aspirin desensitization and biologics in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease Efficacy, tolerability, and patient experience

Background: Patterns of medication use and efficacy in aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) have not been well characterized, especially since the advent of respiratory biologics. Aspirin therapy after desensitization (ATAD) is efficacious for upper and lower respiratory symptoms for patients with AERD, though aspirin-related adverse effects can limit therapy. The optimal coordination of ATAD and respiratory biologics for the treatment of AERD remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to characterize patterns of medication use and treatment experience with biologics and ATAD in AERD. Methods: We surveyed 98 patients with AERD recruited from the Brigham and Women's Hospital AERD registry. Patients completed an online questionnaire describing their medication history and treatment experience. Results: A total of 52 (53.0%) patients reported a history of use of one or more respiratory biologics (omalizumab, mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, or dupilumab), and 84 (85.7%) reported undergoing aspirin desensitization. There were 24 patients (24.4%) who reported concurrent use of a biologic and ATAD. Compared with those taking ATAD alone, patients taking a biologic and ATAD concurrently were less likely to report that aspirin was effective for their AERD symptoms (odds ratio, 0.161 [95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.76]; P=.02). Whereas patients reported varying efficacy with biologics, dupilumab had the highest odds of patients reporting it worked very well (odds ratio, 17.58 [95% confidence interval, 5.68-54.35]; P<.001). Conclusion: Biologics are emerging as a treatment option for AERD and are generally well tolerated. Biologic efficacy in AERD is variable by agent, though most patients taking dupilumab found it to be effective. Patients on a biologic in conjunction with ATAD may represent a more severe subset of AERD for which ATAD alone is insufficient. (C) 2022 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The patterns of medication use and treatment experience with biologics and ATAD in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) need further investigation. The study found that concurrent use of biologics and ATAD was associated with lower efficacy, and among biologics, dupilumab had the highest efficacy.