4.8 Article

Correlating Reaction Dynamics and Size Change during the Photomechanical Transformation of 9-Methylanthracene Single Crystals

期刊

出版社

WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114089

关键词

kinetics; organic crystals; phase transitions; photochemistry; photomechanical actuators

资金

  1. JSPS KAKENHI [20J20030, 21K14603, 21H02016]
  2. Office of Naval Research through the MURI on Photomechanical Material Systems [ONR N00014-18-1-2624]
  3. Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [21H02016, 20J20030, 21K14603] Funding Source: KAKEN

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High-quality single crystals of 9-methylanthracene exhibit more homogeneous reaction kinetics compared to polycrystalline samples, resulting in a linear expansion correlated with reaction progress. This class of solid-state phase change material shows clear linear expansion during 100% photoconversion, demonstrating potential for actuation applications.
Photomechanical molecular crystals that expand under illumination could potentially be used as photon-powered actuators. In this study, we find that the use of high-quality single crystals of 9-methylanthracene (9MA) leads to more homogeneous reaction kinetics than that previously seen for polycrystalline samples, presumably due to a lower concentration of defects. Furthermore, simultaneous observation of absorbance and shape changes in single crystals revealed that the dimensional change mirrors the reaction progress, resulting in a smooth expansion of 7% along the c-axis that is linearly correlated with reaction progress. The same expansion dynamics are highly reproducible across different single crystal samples. Organic single crystals exhibit well-defined linear expansions during 100% photoconversion, suggesting that this class of solid-state phase change material could be used for actuation.

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