期刊
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
卷 61, 期 4, 页码 -出版社
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111892
关键词
carbene; diazoalkane; DFT calculations; fluorine; photocatalysis
资金
- German Science Foundation
- Fonds of the Chemical Industry
- China Scholarship Council
The study describes a photocatalytic approach for accessing triplet carbene intermediates via energy transfer to conduct efficient gem-difluoroolefination reactions, with the key role played by tertiary amines. The research explores a wide substrate scope, ranging from simple olefins to pharmaceutically relevant building blocks.
The photolysis of diazoalkanes to conduct singlet carbene transfer reactions of colored diazoalkanes has recently attracted significant interest in organic synthesis. Herein, we describe a photocatalytic approach that allows the access of triplet carbene intermediates via energy transfer to conduct highly efficient gem-difluoroolefination reactions with alpha-trifluoromethyl styrenes. The use of a tertiary amines proved pivotal to unlock this unusual reaction pathway and to prevent undesired cyclopropanation pathways. The amine further facilitates the ultimate abstraction of fluoride to yield gem-difluoroolefins (43 examples, up to 88 % yield), which is supported by experimental and theoretical mechanistic studies. We explored this synthesis method with a broad substrate scope, ranging from simple olefins and heterocyclic olefins towards the decoration of pharmaceutically relevant building blocks.
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