Selective Center Charge Density Enables Conductive 2D Metal-Organic Frameworks with Exceptionally High Pseudocapacitance and Energy Density for Energy Storage Devices

Conductive 2D conjugated metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) are attractive electrode materials due to their high intrinsic electrical conductivities, large specific surface area, and abundant unsaturated bonds/functional groups. However, the 2D c-MOFs reported so far have limited charge storage capacity during electrochemical charging and discharging, and the energy density is still unsatisfactory. In this work, a strategy of selective center charge density to expand the traditional electrode materials to the electrode-electrolyte coupled system with the prototypical of 2D Co-catecholate (Co-CAT) is proposed. Electrochemical mechanism studies and density functional theory calculations reveal that dual redox sites are achieved with the quinone groups (CAT) and metal-ion linkages (Co-O) serving as the active sites of pseudocapacitive cation (Na+) and redox electrolyte species (SO32-). The resultant electrode delivers an exceptionally high capacity of 1160 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) and a special self-discharge rate (86.8% after 48 h). Moreover, the packaged asymmetric device exhibits a state-of-the-art energy density of 158 W h kg(-1) at the power density of 2000 W kg(-1) and an excellent self-discharge rate of 80.6% after 48 h. This success will provide a new perspective for the performance enhancement for the 2D-MOF-based energy storage devices.

Automated summary

Conductive 2D metal-organic frameworks (c-MOFs) have attracted attention as electrode materials due to their high electrical conductivities, large surface areas, and abundant functional groups. However, the reported 2D c-MOFs have limited charge storage capacity and unsatisfactory energy density. In this study, a selective center charge density strategy is proposed to expand traditional electrode materials by introducing 2D Co-catecholate (Co-CAT) as a prototypical material. The resulting electrode shows significantly improved capacity, energy density, and self-discharge rate, providing new perspectives for enhancing the performance of 2D-MOF-based energy storage devices.