期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 14, 期 7, 页码 9183-9191出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23991
关键词
2D/3D perovskite solar cells; multifunctional spacer cation; high film quality; passivation effect; photovoltaic performance
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [52102196]
- Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province [2008085QE208]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2021M693213]
- CASHIPS Director's Fund [YZJJ2021QN20]
In this study, a new multifunctional spacer cation was developed to achieve synchronous improvement of efficiency and stability for 2D/3D perovskite solar cells. The strong interactions between the spacer cation and the perovskite component and the uniform nucleation distribution around the spacer cation resulted in high photovoltaic conversion efficiency and excellent stability.
Two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite materials have shown the enormous potential to achieve both efficient and stable photovoltaic devices for commercial applications. Unfortunately, the single function of spacer cations limits their further improvements in efficiency to reach values as high as those of 3D perovskites. Herein, we developed a new-type multifunctional heterocyclic-based spacer cation of 2-(methylthio)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole (MTIm(+)) to achieve a synchronous improvement of efficiency and stability for 2D/3D perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Owing to the presence of special chemical groups (imidazole and methylthio), strong interactions have been found between MTIm(+) and the 3D perovskite component, leading to an excellent passivation effect. More important, at the initial stage of crystallization, uniform nucleation distribution would be generated around the spacer cation, which is helpful for improved crystallinity and reduced growth defects. The smaller layer space compared to that of cations based on aromatic hydrocarbons caused effective carrier transfer between inorganic layers in 2D/3D perovskites. As a result, the 2D/3D (n = 30) PSCs based on MTIm exhibit a champion PCE up to 21.25% with a high V-oc of 1.14 V. Besides, the 2D/3D perovskite devices have realized dramatically enhanced humidity and thermal stability, maintaining 94% of the starting PCE enduring aging at about 50% RH for 2880 h and at 85 degrees C for 360 h, respectively. We believe that it would provide a significant strategy to further promote the photovoltaic performances and the long-term stability of 2D/3D perovskite devices toward future practical applications.
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