4.4 Article

Developing a composite index of spatial accessibility across different health care sectors: A German example

期刊

HEALTH POLICY
卷 120, 期 2, 页码 205-212

出版社

ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2016.01.001

关键词

Access to health care; Capacity planning; Health geography; Ambulatory care; Inpatient care; Measurement; Germany

资金

  1. German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [01EH1202A]

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The evolving lack of ambulatory care providers especially in rural areas increasingly challenges the strict separation between ambulatory and inpatient care in Germany. Some consider allowing hospitals to treat ambulatory patients to tackle potential shortages of ambulatory care in underserved areas. In this paper, we develop an integrated index of spatial accessibility covering multiple dimensions of health care. This index may contribute to the empirical evidence concerning potential risks and benefits of integrating the currently separated health care sectors. Accessibility is measured separately for each type of care based on official data at the district level. Applying an Improved Gravity Model allows us to factor in potential cross-border utilization. We combine the accessibilities for each type of care into a univariate index by adapting the concept of regional multiple deprivation measurement to allow for a limited substitutability between health care sectors. The results suggest that better health care accessibility in urban areas persists when taking a holistic view. We believe that this new index may provide an empirical basis for an inter-sectoral capacity planning. (c) 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

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