期刊
WORK EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIETY
卷 37, 期 3, 页码 625-644出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/09500170211035316
关键词
entrepreneurial motivations; Europe; gender; opportunity and necessity; push-pull factors; self-employment motivations
The gender gap in self-employment is one of the most enduring gaps in labor participation. Women's motivations to become entrepreneurs are influenced by individual resources, gender regime type, and the economic situation in their country.
The gender gap in self-employment is one of the most resilient in labour participation. While for some, this gap is the result of women's lack of opportunities to become self-employed, for others, it reflects women's preference to stay in paid employment. This article investigates the motivations behind women's decision (either from opportunity or necessity) to start a business in 17 European countries. Results from the analysis suggest that individual resources are fundamental in explaining women's motivations to become entrepreneurs. The type of gender regime and the economic situation in their country also play a role in women's decisions to start a business. Women are more likely to be driven due to opportunity in dual-earner gender regimes than elsewhere, and high levels of unemployment produced by the economic crisis have boosted women's self-employment from necessity. These findings are discussed in relation to the gender gap in self-employment.
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