期刊
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
卷 71, 期 4, 页码 1270-1280出版社
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1926267
关键词
Anxiety; college students; depression; diet; nutrition
This study aimed to gather research evidence on the association between diet and depression and anxiety among college students. A systematic review of 21 selected studies found a positive association between diet and depression and anxiety in most cross-sectional studies, although some studies showed inconsistent results. Furthermore, intervention studies demonstrated that a healthy diet, including the consumption of fruits and vegetables, improved depression. The study concludes that more prospective, longitudinal, and randomized controlled trials are needed to establish causal associations between diet and depression and anxiety, and further research is needed to investigate the biological mechanisms of nutrients' actions on anxiety and depression.
Objective: To gather research evidence on the association between diet and depression and anxiety among college students. Methods: Systematic searches were performed in CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases to identify potentially relevant articles published between January 2000 and September 2020. Data were extracted from 21 selected studies. Results: Most of the cross-sectional studies found a positive association between diet and depression and anxiety; however, a few studies found inconsistent results. Moreover, several interventional studies demonstrated that a healthy diet (including consumption of fruit and vegetables) improved depression in the intervention group. Conclusions: The methodological limitations of cross-sectional studies to explain causality and the limited number of prospective interventional studies point to a pressing need to conduct more prospective, longitudinal, and randomized controlled trials to generalize the causal associations between diet and depression and anxiety. Further research is needed to investigate the biological mechanisms of nutrients' actions on anxiety and depression.
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