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Failing forward? Crises and patterns of European integration INTRODUCTION

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

Failing forward in Eastern Enlargement: problem solving through problem making

Veronica Anghel et al.

Summary: The synthesis of 'failing forward' places European member states governments in charge of the integration process. The distinction between proactive and reactive approaches is important in understanding the success of Eastern enlargement, which is argued to be successful in a reactive sense but a failure in a proactive sense.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2022)

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Article Political Science

Failing forward and eu foreign policy: the dynamics of 'integration without membership' in the eastern neighbourhood

Maryna Rabinovych

Summary: The 'failing forward' framework proves to be challenging to explain the origins of complex crises, such as the Ukraine crisis, and is not fully able to explain at the 'high politics' level. Although it responds to the intellectual demand for stronger exchange between the theories of EU integration and the EU Foreign Policy Studies, it has limitations in explaining complex crises.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

'Failing forward': a critique in light of covid-19

Martin Rhodes

Summary: This article examines the policy responses of the European Union and the United States to the Covid-19 pandemic in the first twelve months. It highlights how the pandemic revealed the institutional strengths and weaknesses of both political systems. While the EU showed innovation and capacity to build new institutions, effective crisis management in the US was hindered by poor leadership, political polarization, and institutional gridlock until early 2021.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

EU competition policy: an application of the failing forward framework

A. Dierx et al.

Summary: The EU competition policy has the ability to adapt to changing environments, relying on strong supranational institutions and the importance of the single market, without the risk of disintegration.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

Failing backward? EU citizenship, the Court of Justice, and Brexit

Lisa Conant

Summary: The development of EU citizenship rights does not meet theoretical expectations, with tensions between law and practice fueling 'failing forward' and contributing to politicization. While neofunctionalist expectations are partially met, the overall impact on integration is negative, leading to a democratic deficit and the politicization of EU citizenship rights.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

The rhetoric of inaction: failing to fail forward in the EU's rule of law crisis

Cassandra Emmons et al.

Summary: This paper examines how political crises in the EU lead to policymaking and 'failing forward', attributing some of the failure to political elites strategically using rhetoric to legitimize the status quo during crises. The theory of 'rhetorics of inaction' is introduced to explain how coordination discourse is used to justify stasis in EU policymaking, with a case study of the constitutional breakdowns in Hungary and Poland demonstrating its explanatory power. The study shows that populist and partisan attacks on the EU can mask more sophisticated and obstructive argumentative strategies behind-the-scenes, highlighting the importance of rhetorical politics in understanding the EU's response failures to crises.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

Failing forward in the EU's common security and defense policy: the integration of EU crisis management

Julian Bergmann et al.

Summary: Recent efforts to advance integration in the EU's Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) have seen progress in military and civilian capability development, but reforms have been slow and have not fully addressed policy shortcomings and failures. Utilizing a failing forward approach, it is revealed that integration dynamics in EU crisis management follow a cyclical pattern of crisis, incomplete reforms, policy feedback, experiential learning, and further attempts to remedy institutional shortcomings.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

Failing outward: power politics, regime complexity, and failing forward under deadlock

Shawn Donnelly

Summary: The concept of failing forward and failing outward is introduced, referring to the EU institution-building cycle through Council breakthroughs and external influence by a powerful country. When a powerful state uses external resources to shape EU institutions, it often relies on non-EU institutions to entrench conditionality, leading to repeated institutional fixes as some member states fail within the system.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

Failing forward in Economic and Monetary Union: explaining weak Eurozone financial support mechanisms

David Howarth et al.

Summary: This article examines the negotiations and design of reforms to Eurozone economic governance in response to the Covid-19 crisis. Despite the severity of the crisis, more far-reaching reforms have not been adopted, contributing to existing asymmetries and potentially leading to future crises.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article Political Science

Failing forward in the Common Commercial Policy? Deep trade and the perennial question of EU competence

Christian Freudlsperger

Summary: This paper argues that the European Union's Common Commercial Policy is more fragile than it appears, with ratification conflicts increasing since the 1980s. The EU's trade competence has expanded progressively through treaty reforms, which have laid bare gaps and fueled conflicts over competences. Instabilities have acted as a catalyst for integration, supporting further delegation and regulatory market-making in the EU's history.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2021)

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Article International Relations

COVID-19 and the EU Economy: Try Again, Fail Better

Erik Jones

SURVIVAL (2020)

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Political (non-)reform in the euro crisis and the refugee crisis: a liberal intergovernmentalist explanation

Felix Biermann et al.

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2019)

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Is differentiation possible in rule of law?

R. Daniel Kelemen

COMPARATIVE EUROPEAN POLITICS (2019)

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Trends in European political (dis)integration. An analysis of postfunctionalist and other explanations

Douglas Webber

JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY (2019)

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Failing Forward' Towards Which Europe? Organized Hypocrisy in the Common European Asylum System

Sandra Lavenex

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European integration (theory) in times of crisis. A comparison of the euro and Schengen crises

Frank Schimmelfennig

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From Market Integration to Core State Powers: The Eurozone Crisis, the Refugee Crisis and Integration Theory

Philipp Genschel et al.

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Failing forward in EU migration policy? EU integration after the 2015 asylum and migration crisis

Marco Scipioni

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Integration by Stealth: How the European Union Gained Competence over Foreign Direct Investment

Sophie Meunier

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Failing Forward? The Euro Crisis and the Incomplete Nature of European Integration

Erik Jones et al.

COMPARATIVE POLITICAL STUDIES (2016)

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Revisiting the study of policy failures

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Transcending or Descending? European Integration in Times of Crisis

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Wider and deeper? Enlargement and integration in the European Union

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Explaining European Disintegration

Hans Vollaard

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A Postfunctionalist Theory of European Integration: From Permissive Consensus to Constraining Dissensus

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The institutional foundations of intergovernmentalism and supranationalism in the European Union

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