期刊
BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY
卷 142, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103866
关键词
University students; Mindfulness; Virtual reality; Psychological wellbeing; Stress; Randomized controlled trial
资金
- Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports [FPU15/00598]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III [CD20/00181]
- DGA group [B17-17R]
- Network for Prevention and Health Promotion in Primary Care (REDIAPP) grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
- European Union European Union ERDF funds [RD16/0007/0005]
This study evaluated the efficacy of a mindfulness-based programme (MBP) for reducing stress in university students, finding that both MBP and MBP + VR groups were superior to the Relaxation group in improving stress and secondary outcomes. The study suggests that MBPs improve stress through mindfulness and self-compassion, while VR exposure may enhance treatment adherence.
Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based programme (MBP) for reducing stress in university students and its action mechanisms and to explore the capacity of virtual reality (VR) exposure to enhance adherence to the intervention. Methods: This randomized controlled trial (RCT) involved assessment time points of baseline, posttreatment, and 6-month follow-up. A total of 280 students from two Spanish universities were randomly assigned to 'MBP', 'MBP + VR', or 'Relaxation' (active controls). Perceived stress posttreatment was the primary outcome; wellbeing and academic functional outcomes were assessed as well. Multilevel mixed-effects models were performed to estimate the efficacy of the programme. Results: Both 'MBP' (B = 2.77, d = 0.72, p =.006) and 'MBP + VR' (B = 2.44, d = 0.59, p =.014) were superior to 'Relaxation' in improving stress, as well as most of the secondary outcomes, with medium-to-large effects posttreatment and at follow-up. The long-term effects of MBPs on stress were mediated by mindfulness and self-compassion in parallel. Treatment adherence was improved in the 'MBP + VR' group, with higher retention rates and session attendance (p <.001). Conclusions: This RCT supports the efficacy of an MBP compared to relaxation for reducing stress in university students through mindfulness and self-compassion as mechanisms of change. VR exposure may enhance treat-ment adherence. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03771300.
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