期刊
BIOMEDICINES
卷 9, 期 8, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081061
关键词
exosome; biogenesis; intercellular communication; biomarker; therapeutic vehicle
资金
- MINCIENCIAS, project Nuevos ARN no codificantes exosomales y su papel en la patogenesis de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer [121584468097, 844/2019, 416-2020]
- Universidad del Norte, Barranquilla, Colombia
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells and play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, making them potential biomarkers for disease detection, prognosis, and treatment. Research has advanced our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release, molecular composition, and their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells, both constitutively and after cell activation, and are present in different types of biological fluid. Exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, pregnancy disorders and cardiovascular diseases, and have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for the detection, prognosis and therapeutics of a myriad of diseases. In this review, we describe recent advances related to the regulatory mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release and molecular composition, as well as their role in health and disease, and their potential use as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of their main isolation methods, characterization and cargo analysis, as well as the experimental methods used for exosome-mediated drug delivery, are discussed. Finally, we present potential perspectives for the use of exosomes in future clinical practice.
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