High harmonic generation in two-dimensional Mott insulators

With a combination of numerical methods, including quantum Monte Carlo, exact diagonalization, and a simplified dynamical mean-field model, we consider the attosecond charge dynamics of electrons induced by strong-field laser pulses in two-dimensional Mott insulators. The necessity to go beyond single-particle approaches in these strongly correlated systems has made the simulation of two-dimensional extended materials challenging, and we contrast their resulting high-harmonic emission with more widely studied one-dimensional analogues. As well as considering the photo-induced breakdown of the Mott insulating state and magnetic order, we also resolve the time and ultra-high-frequency domains of emission, which are used to characterize both the photo-transition, and the sub-cycle structure of the electron dynamics. This extends simulation capabilities and understanding of the photo-melting of these Mott insulators in two dimensions, at the frontier of attosecond non-equilibrium science of correlated materials.

Automated summary

This study investigates the attosecond charge dynamics of electrons induced by strong-field laser pulses in two-dimensional Mott insulators using a combination of numerical methods. By going beyond single-particle approaches and contrasting with one-dimensional analogues, the study provides insights into high-harmonic emission and photo-induced breakdown in these systems. The analysis also reveals the time and ultra-high-frequency domains of emission, enhancing understanding of photo-melting in two-dimensional Mott insulators.