期刊
ENERGY STORAGE MATERIALS
卷 39, 期 -, 页码 186-193出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2021.04.020
关键词
lithium-metal batteries; flame-retardant electrolyte; in-situ solidification; polycarbonate; organophosphate
资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0202500]
- Basic Science Center Project of National Natural Science Foundation [51788104]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21773264, 21975266]
- 'Transformational Technologies for Clean Energy and Demonstration' Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA21070300]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2019T120135]
A non-flammable solid-liquid hybrid electrolyte (SLHE) was developed by encapsulating a flame-retardant liquid phosphate into a robust solid polycarbonate matrix. This SLHE features high Li+ conductivity, Young's modulus, Li+ transference number, and a wide electrochemical window, effectively suppressing dendrites and unfavorable side reactions. The use of non-flammable SLHE improves safety and stability in Li-metal batteries.
Solid-liquid hybrid electrolytes (SLHEs) are promising electrolyte candidates for Li-metal batteries. However, most of the components of SLHE are flammable, posing safety risks. Here, a non-flammable SLHE was proposed by in-situ encapsulating a flame-retardant liquid phosphate into a robust solid polycarbonate matrix. The in-situ solidified SLHE simultaneously features high Li+ conductivity (4.4 mS cm(-1)), Young's modulus (12.4 GPa), Li+ transference number (0.76) and a wide electrochemical window (0-4.9 V vs. Li+/Li), which help to effectively suppress dendrites and unfavorable side reactions at the anode and provide compatibility with the high-voltage cathode. By employing non-flammable SLHE, a prototype Li parallel to LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell retains 87.7% of the initial capacity after 200 cycles, and the Ah level Li parallel to LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 pouch cells showed enhanced safety by passing the nail test by authorized third parties. This study inspires the optimal design of SLHEs towards practical realization of safe and stable Li-metal batteries.
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