期刊
SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY
卷 21, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scp.2021.100443
关键词
Gluconic acid; Green solvent; Benign reaction medium; Sustainable synthesis
资金
- Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia under the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme [FRGS/1/2020/STG04/MUSM/02/2]
Gluconic acid is a safe and easily biodegradable chemical that is commonly used as a catalyst in organic synthesis. Its aqueous solutions perform well in certain reactions.
Gluconic acid is non-toxic, non-volatile, non-corrosive, and easily biodegradable chemical, which can be produced from biomass using several methods: oxidation by molecular oxygen using heterogeneous catalysis, enzymatic oxidation, and microbial fermentation. Being highly soluble in water, gluconic acid can form concentrated aqueous solutions, and its 50% aqueous solution has found application as a catalytic medium for organic synthesis. For some reactions, gluconic acid aqueous solutions (GAAS) outperform conventional and green solvents when used as media for organic synthesis. GAAS was found to be particularly efficient in the Knoevenagel condensation, the Michael addition, and multicomponent reactions based on them. These and other chemical transformations utilizing GAAS as a medium are discussed in this review. We also compare the effectiveness of GAAS as a new green catalytic medium and the performance of other solvents and catalysts.
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