Review of the valorization options for the proper disposal of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected not only human health and economies but also the environment due to the large volume of waste in the form of discarded personal protective equipment. The remarkable increase in the global usage of face masks, which mainly contain polypropylene, and improper waste management have led to a serious environmental challenge called microplastic pollution. Potential practices for waste management related to waste valorization of discarded face masks as the major type of waste during the COVID-19 pandemic are explored in this study. Recommendations based on governmental practices, situation of state facilities, and societal awareness and engagement applicable to emergency (including COVID-19 pandemic) and post pandemic scenarios are offered while considering potential solutions and available waste management practices in different countries during emergency conditions. However, multicriteria decision making for a country must determine the optimal solution for waste management on the basis of all affecting factors. Awareness of scientific, governments, and communities worldwide will successfully eradicate this important environmental issue. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Automated summary

The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in waste generated by discarded face masks, contributing to microplastic pollution. This study explores waste valorization of discarded face masks and offers recommendations for waste management practices applicable to emergency and post pandemic scenarios in different countries. A multi-criteria decision-making approach is necessary to determine optimal waste management solutions based on various factors. Awareness and concerted efforts from the scientific community, governments, and society globally are essential to successfully address this important environmental issue.