Structure, Antioxidant Activity and In Vitro Hypoglycemic Activity of a Polysaccharide Purified from Tricholoma matsutake

The structure, antioxidant activity and hypoglycemic activity in vitro of a novel homogeneous polysaccharide from Tricholoma matsutake (Tmp) were investigated. Structural features suggested that Tmp was consisted of arabinose (Ara), mannose (Man), glucose (Glc) and galactose (Gal) with a molar ratio of 1.9:13.6:42.7:28.3, respectively, with a molecular weight of 72.14 kDa. The structural chain of Tmp was confirmed to contain -> 2,5)-alpha-L-Arabinofuranose (Araf)-(1 ->, -> 3,5)-alpha-L-Araf-(1 ->, beta-D-Glucopyranose (Glcp)-(1 ->, alpha-D-Mannopyranose (Manp)-(1 ->, alpha-D-Galacopyranose (Galp)-(1 ->, -> 4)-beta-D-Galp-(1 ->, -> 3)-beta-D-Glcp-(1 ->, -> 3)-alpha-D-Manp-(1 ->, -> 6)-3-O-Methyl (Me)-alpha-D-Manp-(1 ->, -> 6)-alpha-D-Galp-(1 ->, -> 3,6)-beta-D-Glcp-(1 ->, -> 6)-alpha-D-Manp-(1 -> residues. Furthermore, Tmp possessed strong antioxidant activity and showed the strong inhibitory effect on alpha-glucosidase and a-amylase activities. Then, a further evaluation found that there was a dramatic improvement in the glucose consumption, glycogen synthesis and the activities of pyruvate kinase and hexokinase when the insulin-resistant-human hepatoma cell line (IR-HepG2) was treated with Tmp. The above results indicated that Tmp had good hypoglycemic activity and also exhibited great potentials in in terms of dealing with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Automated summary

The novel homogeneous polysaccharide extracted from Tricholoma matsutake demonstrated strong antioxidant activity and inhibition on alpha-glucosidase and a-amylase activities. Furthermore, treatment with this polysaccharide significantly improved glucose consumption, glycogen synthesis, and the activities of various enzymes in insulin-resistant-human hepatoma cell line (IR-HepG2), suggesting great potential in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.