Searching for Novel Candidate Biomarkers of RLS in Blood by Proteomic Analysis

Purpose: We performed comparative proteomic analyses of blood of patients with RLS and healthy individuals aiming to identify potential biomarker and therapeutic target candidate for RLS. Patients and Methods: Blood serum samples from 12 patients with a clinical diagnosis of RLS (8 females and 4 males, with a mean age of 68.52 years) and 10 healthy controls (5 females and 5 males, with a mean age of 67.61 years) underwent proteomic profiling by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Pathway analysis incorporating protein-protein interaction networks was carried out to identify pathological processes linked to the differentially expressed proteins. Results: We quantified 272 proteins in patients with RLS and healthy controls, of which 243 were shared. Five proteins - apolipoprotein C-II, leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1, FLJ92374, extracellular matrix protein 1, and F1193143 - were substantially increased in RLS patients, whereas nine proteins - vitamin D-binding protein, FLJ78071, alpha-1-antitrypsin, CD5 antigen-like, haptoglobin, fibrinogen alpha chain, complement factor H-related protein 1, platelet factor 4, and plasma protease Cl inhibitor - were decreased. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that these proteins were linked to 1) inflammatory and immune response, and complement activation, 2) brain-related development, cell aging, and memory disorders, 3) pregnancy and associated complications, 4) myocardial infarction, and 5) reactive oxygen species generation and subsequent diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Our findings shed light on the multifactorial nature of RLS and identified a set of circulating proteins that may have clinical importance as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Automated summary

Comparative proteomic analysis of blood samples from patients with RLS and healthy individuals identified multiple proteins associated with RLS, highlighting the multifactorial nature of the disease. The study also revealed a set of circulating proteins that may have clinical importance as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for RLS.