4.6 Article

Uncoupling Thermotolerance and Growth Performance in Chinook Salmon: Blood Biochemistry and Immune Capacity

期刊

METABOLITES
卷 11, 期 8, 页码 -

出版社

MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080547

关键词

king salmon; Onchorynchus tshawytscha; thermal stress; summer mortality; marine heat-waves; aquaculture; fish health; immunology; biomarkers; biochemical profiles

资金

  1. New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE) Efficient Salmon research programme [CAWX1606]
  2. Aquaculture Health Strategies to Maximise Productivity and Security research programme [CAWX1707]
  3. New Zealand Scholarships Programme, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade New Zealand

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This study exposed Chinook salmon to high temperatures for three months and identified blood biomarkers associated with thermal stress and growth performance. The findings indicated that fish with poor growth performance exhibited significant changes in blood biomarkers related to malnutrition, disturbances in energy metabolism, endocrine functioning, immunocompetence, and osmoregulation.
Ocean warming and extreme sea surface temperature anomalies are threatening wild and domesticated fish stocks in various regions. Understanding mechanisms for thermotolerance and processes associated with divergent growth performance is key to the future success of aquaculture and fisheries management. Herein, we exposed Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to environmentally relevant water temperatures (19-20 degrees C) approaching their upper physiological limit for three months and sought to identify blood biomarkers associated with thermal stress and resilience. In parallel, blood biochemical associations with growth performance were also investigated. Temperature stress-activated leukocyte apoptosis induced a minor immune response, and influenced blood ion profiles indicative of osmoregulatory perturbation, regardless of how well fish grew. Conversely, fish displaying poor growth performance irrespective of temperature exhibited numerous biomarker shifts including haematology indices, cellular-based enzyme activities, and blood clinical chemistries associated with malnutrition and disturbances in energy metabolism, endocrine functioning, immunocompetence, redox status, and osmoregulation. Findings provide insight into mechanisms of stress tolerance and compromised growth potential. Biochemical phenotypes associated with growth performance and health can potentially be used to improve selective breeding strategies.

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